1. Unit C Week 3

2. 3.4 Hazardous Chemicals Affect Living Things
What was DDT used for, and how was it used?

3. I Can…
Illustrate how DDT may be introduced into the environment and biomagnified through food chains.

4. Introduction
Some can remain in the environment for a long time because they are at a high concentration in the environment and continue to get taken in by plants through their roots.

5. What is Biomagnification?
Break down the word, and come up with a definition
Biomagnification activity
Draw a picture of what happened in the activity
Why do we have to be concerned about Biomagnification?

6. Biomagnification
Biomagnification is the increase in concentration of a chemical or element as it moves up the food chain
In biomagnification a pollutant enters the environment such as an aquatic ecosystem

8. Bioaccumulation
Bioaccumulation happens when toxins are stored in the tissues of the animal at the top of the food chain.
Think of the Osprey – the osprey had the highest amount of DDT, it bioaccumulates in the osprey

9. Think about it!
You live near a factory that uses lead based paint. There has been a recent environmental test in the nearby lake that has shown trace amounts of lead. You go fishing frequently in the lake and like to eat the fish.
Should we be concerned about getting lead poisoning from the fish? Explain using the new terms from today.

10. Biomagnification Case Study
Complete the Case Study in your colour groups and answer the analysis questions.
Before you read the study, look at the questions!

11. 1.2 Acids and Bases
We will talk about acids and bases in more detail in our chemistry unit
We need to be familiar with pH for this unit

12. What is pH pH demo activity What do you observe?
What are some patterns you notice?
What do you find interesting?

13. The pH Scale pH stands for the Power of Hydrogen
The pH scale measures how much hydrogen there is to react or how much a substance wants a hydrogen
Acids are on the low end of the pH scale (0-6.9) and bases are on the high end (7.1-14) A substance with a pH of 7 is neutral
Substances at both ends of the scale are dangerous. (Strong Acids and Strong Bases)

14. pH Numbers
The difference between one number and the next on the pH scale is a 10x difference
For example: a substance with a pH of 3 is 10x more acidic than a substance with a pH of 4
How much more acidic is a substance with a pH of 5 to one with a pH of 8?

15. Measuring pH
We use 3 types of tests to check for the pH of a substance
1) Indicator- a liquid that changes colour dependent on the pH of a solution
2) Indicator paper- paper changes colour dependent on the pH
3) Litmus paper- changes colour (red or blue) dependent on if it is an acid or a base

16. Acid Rain
When pollution is put into the environment the rain water can collect those substances and become very acidic
This occurs more in Eastern Canada than Western Canada because there is more manufacturing in Eastern Canada

17. Consequences of Acid Rain
It makes our rivers and lakes very acidic which can kill organisms
It can cause destruction of limestone buildings and structures

18. Liming
Liming is adding a base (lime) to a lake to try and return the lake to a health pH

19. Neutralization
Neutralization occurs when an acid and a base react to form a salt and water
Think of your Vinegar and Baking Soda Experiment!

20. Think about it!
You are at a pond which is near a factory. The pond’s pH is 5.3. Due to the pH, the fish in the pond are not repopulating. How can you change the pH so that the fish can reproduce?
Note: pH = Range tolerated by trout

21. Crude Oil Case Studies
Look at the Exxon Case Study of 1989 on page
Answer questions 2,3, and 7 in your notes about the study

22. Crude Oil Case Studies Look at the BP Case Study in your number groups
Timeline
Parody
1. For the states affected by the oil spills, what would be some ideas on how to invigorate their tourism numbers? What types of strategies could be employed?
2. Has BP done enough to help the Gulf Coast? Why or why not?
What are the effects of both case studies?

23. Unit Project
See page 265 and Hand-Out for more information.