Sophisticated analysis of characterisation, ideas and language A Analysis of characterisation, ideas and language in convincing detail B Clear understanding.

Sophisticated analysis of characterisation, ideas and language A Analysis of characterisation, ideas and language in convincing detail B Clear understanding of features of characterisation, ideas and language supported by relevant and appropriate quotation C Speed dating – tell each other everything you know about YOU (your character) Mr B Mrs B Gerald Sheila Eric Inspector Eva/Daisy

Learning objectives Know the types of question you will face
Understand how they might be categorised Be able to identify common features, de-construct a question and plan an answer

Learning outcomes Identify the demands of the exam question (4+)
Summarise what the questions ask you to do and show (5+) Demonstrate how you would plan an answer to target grade (6+) Next steps – YOU fill in your revision gaps Explaining and analysing

Revising An Inspector Calls
You are assessed on: Language Structure effects on audience ideas and themes You should focus on: What characters say and do The response of others Methods used by Priestley (dramatic irony, stage directions, structure, Inspector as his representative) Smash it with fist of 5 planning… Key word - write down 5 points = 5 paragraphs = expand on each covering the aspects below Select quotes form the pack to support

Write about the differences between Sheila and Sybil Birling in the play An Inspector calls.
Write about the differences between Arthur Birling and Eric Birling in the play An Inspector Calls. What do you think is the importance of Inspector Goole and how does Priestley present him? How does Priestley present the relationship between Sheila Birling and Gerald Croft in An Inspector Calls?

Focus on What characters say and do The response of others
Methods used by Priestley (dramatic irony, stage directions, structure, Inspector as his representative)

Smash it with fist of 5 planning…
How does Priestley present ideas about responsibility in ‘An Inspector Calls’? Key word - write down 5 points = 5 paragraphs = expand on each covering the aspects below Language Structure effects on reader/audience ideas and themes As a class deconstruct the question Explaining and analysing

Responsibility Middle/upper class believe they responsible for themselves only (their comfort, wealth and reputation_– not responsible to the the lower class who they depend for their labour for their comfort, wealth and reputation…) NB most characters (ab)use the word responsibility during the play Mr and Mrs Birling take no responsibility – self satisfied, smug and complacent life she “did her duty” in turning Eva away “These Bernard Shaw and H G Wells can’t be allowed to do all the talking.... hard headed business men must say something sometime” “You’d think everybody has to look after everybody else – community and all that nonsense” “Couldn’t have done anything else” a man has to “look after himself and his own” “I've done nothing wrong” Mrs Birling remains imperviously unmoved “I’ll tell you what I told her… Look for the father of the child, It’s his responsibility” (irony – it’s Eric) “duty” (to abuse her power and position on on the charity) Sheila and Eric take responsibility Sheila continues to ask about Eva – opposite of her mother. She is asked to leave by her father – she doesn’t. Sheila is horrified by the details – she runs out of the room “Looks as if she’s crying” “Partly to blame” – Inspector to Sheila Sheila“I’m to blame” “Between us we drove her to suicide” “The girls dead and we all helped kill her” They change – it doesn’t matter if girl real or not The point is you don’t seem to have learnt anything.” (Sheila) Whoever that chap was, the fact remains that I did what I did’ (Eric) Gerald “Was it the same girl ?” hands back the ring to Sheila as if his actions don’t matter now. I’d be glad if you let me go” – we think to reflect on his actions but he actually went to talk to the police, inspector Goole Inspector “Each of you helped to kill her” and his final speech “millions of Eva Smiths” (victims who need to be treated better) WARNING “fire and blood and anguish” Priestley's socialist ideas – collective responsibility – everyone responsible for each other/linked in society. Play A warning about taking responsibility for our actions

Write about the differences between Sheila and Sybil Birling in the play An Inspector calls. Key words - write down 5 points = 5 paragraphs = expand on each covering the aspects below Language Structure effects on reader/audience ideas and themes As a class deconstruct the question Explaining and analysing

Sheila differences A very pretty girl in her early twenties, very pleased with life and rather excited. CHANGES MOST “It’s the only time I’ve ever done anything like that, and I’ll never, never do it again to anybody.” language – sympathetic “The point is you don’t seem to have learnt anything.” “think of the poor woman” Sheila is quicker to understand. To G ‘Why – you fool – he knows. Of course he knows.’ Younger generation – hope “you don’t seem to have learnt anything”, “I suppose we’re all nice people now” sarcasm Key character quotes ‘Everything we said had happened really had happened’ “I felt rotten about it at the time and now I feel a lot worse” “If I could help her now I would” Mrs B A rather cold woman’ – SAME THROUGHOUT ‘I’ve done my duty’ maintains this position throughout language harsh/she is arrogant and condescending “As if a girl of that sort would ever refuse money.” “She was claiming elaborate fine feelings and scruples that were simply absurd in a girl in her position.” Mrs B fails to make connections – ‘No, Eric , please. I didn’t understand’ Older generation – unwilling to change (in charge – leads to war – ‘fire, blood and anguish Inspector /Priestley warns of ) 'I was the only one who didn’t give in to him’ Key character quotes “She had only herself to blame” “I did nothing I’m ashamed of” “I did my duty” “I think I was justified”

Write about the differences between Arthur Birling and Eric Birling in the play An Inspector Calls. Key words - write down 5 points = 5 paragraphs = expand on each covering the aspects below Language Structure effects on reader/audience ideas and themes As a class deconstruct the question Explaining and analysing

“The girls dead and we all helped to kill her
Differences Eric V ‘not quite at ease, half shy, half assertive’ UNCOMFORTABLE– hides behind drink ‘You’re squiffy’ Reaction to news -“(involuntarily) My God”. UPSET Attitude to Eva "Why shouldn't they try for higher wages?“ HUMANE Abuse of power “…well I was in that state when a chap easily turns nasty – and I threatened to make a row.” BUT HE CHANGES “Whoever that chap was, the fact remains that I did what I did’ RESPONSIBLE – hope for future? “The girls dead and we all helped to kill her Attitudes to Eva Smith "Oh - my God! - how stupid it all is!"guilt and frustration “Well I don’t care now” doesn’t care about a public scandal, whereas it’s all Arthur can think about. Listens and responds to Inspector GAP ‘you’re not the kind of father a chap could go to when he’s in trouble’ Arthur IN CONTROL of conversation plus ‘cutting in’ interrupting POMPOUS AND ARROGANT Titanic ‘Unsinkable’ Reaction to news - “(rather impatiently) yes, yes, Horrid business”. “ I don’t see where I come into this” DISMISSIVE “If you don’t come down sharply on some of these people, they’d soon be asking for the earth.” NOT HUMANE - CALLOUS Abuse of power “it’s my duty to keep labour costs down” DOES NOT CHANGE “there’ll be a public scandal unless we’re lucky”. NO RESPONSIBILITY “Still I can’t accept any responsibility”. “(angrily to Eric) you’re the one I blame for this”. “we’ve been had that’s all” No responsibility – no hope for future “There’s every excuse for what both your mother and I did” Dismisses Inspector “I don’t like that tone.” GAP” The trouble is you’ve been spoilt.”

What do you think is the importance of Eva Smith in an Inspector Calls and how does Priestley present her Key words - write down 5 points = 5 paragraphs = expand on each covering the aspects below Language Structure effects on reader/audience ideas and themes As a class deconstruct the question Explaining and analysing

Have you got… Doesn’t have a voice - Symbolic of working class
lack of power Contrasts of wealth and poverty Structurally, the play is built around her Most moral of all

Eva –lack of power but most moral of all
Doesn’t have a voice, she’s introduced through the inspector ‘ a girl’ – all girls (w/c) who are abused… Symbolic of working class at time – no voice – mistreated by middle/upper class “there are millions of Eva Smiths” (Inspector) INNOCENT VICTIMS OF CAPITALISM PRIESTLEY drawing attention to inequality then (1912) and link to when first performed (1945) and now… effect on audience THINK about your actions Eva –lack of power but most moral of all Family members all use/abuse power over her. Lack of understanding (or care) “As if a girl of that sort would ever refuse money.” (SHE REPRESENTS HOW WORKING CLASS ARE STEREOTYPED AND ABUSED) “And then she got herself into trouble there, I suppose.” We should all behave responsibly to each other – all equal despite class “but these girls aren’t cheap labour they’re people” – Sheila - but Mr B thinks only of his business “if you don’t come down sharply on some of these people, they’d soon be asking for the earth”. He represents capitalist attitude – not seen as people Contrasts of wealth and poverty. She refused money from Eric (scruples) and had to go to a charity out of desperation. “She came to you to protect me – and you turned her away…damn you…damn you.” “There are a lot of young women living that sort of existence” - inspector. Shows the fact that many girls of a lower class are in this state – underpaid and desperate Mrs B refers to her as ‘the girl’ – shows lack of care , status – anonymity – could be any of millions of working class ‘girls’ Inequality is unjust Ironically, she is the most moral of all of them. “You stole money!” Mrs B more concerned about stolen money than rape.) Structurally, the play is built around her – creates flow “If men will not learn that lesson then they will be taught it in fire and blood and anguish” Priestley’s message for change She provides characters a chance to show personality and difference between them seeing how they react to her and her death. EXPLORE e.g. Mr B dismissive“yes, yes. Horrid business but I don’t understand why you should come here” “I did nothing I’m ashamed of or that won’t bear investigation – Mrs B. = Eva reps how working class were abused by middle/upper class Younger generation – shock and embarrassment “I think it was a mean thing to do” Older generation – denial Hope/lack of? (generations)

Priestley criticises the selfishness of people like the Birlings. What methods does he use to present this selfishness Key words - write down 5 points = 5 paragraphs = expand on each covering the aspects below Language Structure effects on reader/audience ideas and themes As a class deconstruct the question Explaining and analysing

Selfishness/methods Of middle class towards working class via characters behaviour and reactions to death… Role of the Inspector? To criticise selfishness of Capitalism (as represented by Mr Birling - only cares for his business./ refuses pay rise /cares more about the money Eric stole /reputation than the death) Birling – has a position in society and does not use it correctly. BUSINESS/MONEY first… (WHAT WILL YOU SAY? WHICH QUOTES WILL YOU USE? (P4) “We may look forward to the time when Crofts and Birlings are no longer competing but are working together – for lower costs and higher prices.” P11) “I was an alderman for years – and Lord Mayor two years ago – and I’m still on the bench.” (p15) “It’s my duty to keep labour costs down.” (so he makes more money!) (P15) “If you don’t come down sharply on some of these people, they’d soon be asking for the earth.” (‘the earth’ is a living wage so they don’t suffer in poverty) “yes, yes. Horrid business but I don’t understand why you should come here” (dismissive and disinterested) “The press might easily take it up.” (concerned only with reputation rather than death of a young girl) (P57) “There’s every excuse for what both your mother and I did – it turned out unfortunately, that’s all.” – yet both acted in a purely selfish way Mrs Birling… HOW IS SHE SELFISH – WHAT DOES SHE SAY/DO? Sheila… HOW IS SHE SELFISH – WHAT DOES SHE SAY/DO? How /why does she change? Eric… HOW IS HE SELFISH – WHAT DOES SHE SAY/DO? How /why does he change? Gerald… HOW IS HE SELFISH – WHAT DOES SHE SAY/DO? Why doesn’t he, ultimately ,change? Think also about his engagement to Sheila – purely selfish business interests) Inspector - “we are members of one body” (selfless socialism)

What do you think is the importance of Inspector Goole and how does Priestley present him Key words - write down 5 points = 5 paragraphs = expand on each covering the aspects below Language Structure effects on reader/audience ideas and themes As a class deconstruct the question Explaining and analysing

Inspector – importance of and how presented
Vehicle for Priestley’s socialism/desire for change “creates at once an impression of massiveness and solidity” – control? Inspector represents Priestley's socialist views on equality – all equal and responsible to each other Entrance – Mr B just said “a man has to mind his own business and look after himself and his own” Why does Priestley bring him in at this point? Opposite to Priestley/Inspector?? Focuses audience on contrast? Changes mood… Through his omniscience he exposes hypocrisy and abuse of power of middle class (“of course he knows and I hate to think how much he knows that we didn’t know yet” Sheila about the inspector) “And anyhow I knew already.” (represents social conscience?) His effect on characters and how they respond to him (QUOTES) Mr B ‘I don’t like that one’ Mrs B “…you seem to be conducting it in a rather peculiar and offensive manner. About Sheila “You seem to have made a great impression on this child, Inspector.” Exposes class divide (inequality) (QUOTES) Controls situation – Mr B’s response (insulted) Inspector Don’t stammer and yammer at me man.” (Very sharply) To Sheila and Gerald “I don’t want any of it from either of you. Settle it afterwards…” “And be quiet for a moment and listen to me. Start act 2 “Well”? = control over situation e.g. “I’m getting sick of you people” Exit end Act 1 – why? “We’re responsible for each other... they’ll be taught in fire and blood” – exits. Parting speech leaving the character and audience to consider the message…

How does Priestley present Eric in An Inspector Calls Key words - write down 5 points = 5 paragraphs = expand on each covering the aspects below Language Structure effects on reader/audience ideas and themes As a class deconstruct the question Explaining and analysing

How is Eric presented? Introduced as not quite at ease, half shy, half assertive’ = Uncomfortable – hides behind drink ‘You’re squiffy’ (foolish and immature) Attitude to Eva "Why shouldn't they try for higher wages?“ HUMANE Abuse of power “…well I was in that state when a chap easily turns nasty – and I threatened to make a row.” Steals and rapes BUT HE CHANGES AND GROWS THROUGHOUT THE PLAY “ I wasn’t in love with her or anything” – abused his power “Whoever that chap was, the fact remains that I did what I did’ RESPONSIBLE – hope for future? Attitudes to Eva Smith "Oh - my God! - how stupid it all is!"guilt and frustration Mrs B – “you mean you stole the money?” (To try and make amends for his wrong doing?) Immature “You told her, why you little sneak” ( to Sheila) Listens and responds to Inspector GAP ‘you’re not the kind of father a chap could go to when he’s in trouble’ The differences between him and his parents “You killed her... yes you killed her” – sees what mother did and understands it was not her ‘duty’ “You lot may be letting yourselves out nicely, but all can’t be right” – we did her in, remorseful of his actions, taking responsibility “my god I’m not likely to forget” Hope for the future – younger generation might change and take responsibility for actions…

How does Priestley present the change in Sheila during the course of the play An Inspector Calls? How do you think this change reflects some of Priestley’s ideas? Key words - write down 5 points = 5 paragraphs = expand on each covering the aspects below Language Structure effects on reader/audience ideas and themes As a class deconstruct the question Explaining and analysing

Cares more about the ring than Gerald? Superficial?
How does Priestley present the change in Sheila during the course of the play An Inspector Calls? How do you think this change reflects some of Priestley’s ideas? Opening stage directions and initial actions- vain and concerned with the superficial A very pretty girl in her early twenties, very pleased with life and rather excited. ‘Oh it’s wonderful! Look mummy isn’t it a beauty [she kisses Gerald hastily]’ Cares more about the ring than Gerald? Superficial? but she was pretty and looked as if she could take care of herself’ ‘Quite young, pretty?’, But does quickly state ‘these girls aren’t cheap labour, they’re people’ BUT CHANGES MOST ‘ “Abusing power, jealous and spiteful, privileged ‘I went to the manager at Milwards and told him that if they didn’t get rid of that girl I’d never go near the place again and I’d persuade mother to close her account with them” CHANGE “It’s the only time I’ve ever done anything like that, and I’ll never, never do it again to anybody.” (p 23) “No, not really, its my own fault” (page23) Remorseful, sincere – “if I could help her now, I would” (page24) language – sympathetic “The point is you don’t seem to have learnt anything.” “think of the poor woman” Sheila is quicker to understand. To G ‘Why – you fool – he knows. Of course he knows.’ Priestley’s ideas, social views, welfare state - that everyone is equal, Sheila agrees by end “you don’t seem to have learnt anything” gets angry with her parents in act 3 because they tried to “pretend that nothing much has happened”, she cannot believe that her parents have not learnt anything from the evening like she has. Younger generation – hope Compare how Mr & Mrs Birling have stayed stubborn capitalists but Sheila has changed (allies herself with Priestley’s views) ‘

How important do you think social class is in An Inspector Calls and how does Priestley present ideas about social class? Key words - write down 5 points = 5 paragraphs = expand on each covering the aspects below Language Structure effects on reader/audience ideas and themes As a class deconstruct the question Explaining and analysing

How important do you think social class is in An Inspector Calls and how does Priestley present ideas about social class? Croft and Birling joining companies “an old county family, chance of knighthood for Birling” Mention the attitudes of Inspector Goole ‘members of one body’ The inspector represented Priestley’s morals and views “millions and millions of Eva Smith’s” Mrs Birling - Different views about social class, family trapped in class system, superior and arrogant Inspector and Mr Birling has strong views, looked down on – Eva asked for pay rise, Sheila – opinion changer. Reference to the maid and to Mrs Birling as ‘her husband’s social superior Birlings obsession with class is concealed “the press might easily take it up” How they act towards people from lower class How Eva Smith and Daisy Renton is used and abused by her social superiors, they totaly abuse their power Attitude of Inspector Goole, ‘members of one body’ which means we are all responsible for each other Capital versus labour – clear idea of us and them with no sense of responsibility for others, “a man has to mind his own business and look after himself and his own” Mood of the family at the start is calm hence the lighting as it was pink and internal – safe and comfortable in their middle class lives. Soon to be shattered by inspectors arrival We are responsible for each other – Inspector Daisy Renton “Eva was abused by her social superiors” Mrs Birling – “I didn’t believe a word of it, as if a girl of that sort would ever refuse money” she is judgemental and assumes the worst of the working class “A man has to mind his own business and look after himself and his own” ideas of no responsibility for others. Simply focuses on his family. This is the opposite to Priestley’s views as represented by the inspector Language used to refer to the working class “and she got into trouble there I suppose” – totally judgemental

How does Priestley present ideas about gender in An Inspector calls Key words - write down 5 points = 5 paragraphs = expand on each covering the aspects below Language Structure effects on reader/audience ideas and themes As a class deconstruct the question Explaining and analysing

How does Priestley present ideas about gender in An Inspector calls
Inequality of 1912 – Eva and Sheila (Mrs B has influence in the home but not in the world of business) Priestley presents ‘male behaviour after dinner’ – port/cigars/telling stories’. In a separate room to the females – talking about clothes How Sheila references her parents, “mummy, daddy” – spoilt child (even though she is an engaged woman) Birling has traditional views about the roles of men and women. Sheila has been brought up to get married while Eric is preparing to join the family business. He has freedom – she does not. Mr Birlings more practical/business attitude to engagement – male stereotype Mrs Birling is prepared to correct him as “socially superior” – but believes that wives must expect to come second to their husband’s work Quotes: Mr B thinks of women as ‘cheap labour’ as he ‘discharges’ Eva Smith knowing she could become homeless when she asks for a ‘pay rise’ Mr B doesn’t care for the young woman, but Sheila, another woman thinks that what her father did was a mean thing to do. Showing as another woman, she’s more understanding, perhaps she empathises Reference to Eva Smith as a ‘girl’ by Mr an Mrs Birling “girls of that sort” (Mrs Birling) The inspector refers to her as a “young woman” gives her more of a social status Explain how stage directions show the difference in gender, when Sheila enters to Mr B and the Inspector talking about the crime, Sheila because of her gender is told ‘it’s nothing to do with her’. Gerald and Eric both exploited Eva Smith for sex (E “I wasn’t in love with her or anything”) Eva’s gender makes her a more vulnerable person and easier victim Sheila gradually breaks the socially accepted way for women to behave – asserts herself How Sheila’s attitude to her engagement ring is presented indicates her being impressed with material things – stereotyping “I really feel engaged”, she looks at it admiringly. Later breaks stereotype, cares about different issues About Priestley’s views and opinions of inequality and his place in the Common Wealth Party Analyse the class etiquette as well as gender in ‘An Inspector Calls’. Explain how Eva is treated differently to Mrs B and Sheila and explain why Edna the maid – woman – represents servitude of women (low paid jobs as servants) Gender linked to inequality, inequality is a theme (class too)

How do you respond to Gerald in An Inspector Calls? How does Priestley make you respond as you do by the way he writes? Key words - write down 5 points = 5 paragraphs = expand on each covering the aspects below Language Structure effects on reader/audience ideas and themes As a class deconstruct the question Explaining and analysing

Not willing to accept his guilt like Sheila and Eric
How do you respond to Gerald in An Inspector Calls? How does Priestley make you respond as you do by the way he writes? Ideas about the class system, engaged to someone ‘beneath’ him but it is for business purposes Higher class than Birlings – is the marriage purely a business one? Now you have brought us together, and perhaps we may look forward to a time when Crofts and Birlings are no longer competing but are working together – for lower costs and higher prices. ’ He wanted to ‘pay off’ Daisy once she became an inconvenience. He does this to ease his conscience, he is from a group of capitalists who think money is the most important thing Supposed to be the younger generation (Sheila/Eric) instead acts like Mr and Mrs B. Shows that Priestley is cautiously optimistic about the younger generation Not willing to accept his guilt like Sheila and Eric Pretends he never knew Daisy Renton (link with Mr B) Seems to have genuine emotions towards Daisy Renton Act 3 – Priestley wants us to dislike him, Gerald is a capitalist, Priestley is a socialist He tries to collect as much evidence as possible to prove the inspector is fake – Why? Does not take responsibility Stage directions showing his actions/emotions “What girl, there were probably four or five different girls”. Lack of care, it does not matter if there were more than one. As Sheila says, they still did these things “Everything’s alright now Sheila... What about this ring”. He is superficial as he fails to understand how Sheila feels. Perhaps this reflects his lack of true feelings. Is the relationship just a business one? Regular references to Gerald’s disappearance to the previous summer makes the audience wonder about him and distrust him YOU WILL NEED MORE QUOTES

How does Priestley show that tension is at the heart of the Birling family? Key words - write down 5 points = 5 paragraphs = expand on each covering the aspects below Language Structure effects on reader/audience ideas and themes As a class deconstruct the question Explaining and analysing

Explaining and analysing
How does Priestley show that tension is at the heart of the Birling family? AO1 the lack of understanding between the generations – Mr Birling does not understand his children sibling squabbles lack of compassion and differing views/beliefs brought out by the Inspector the characters are outspoken and do not consider each other the impact of the Inspector takes the shroud off the niceties within the family AO2 the play form allows tension to be created through the staging and scene directions – the use of subdued lighting at the beginning to create a relaxed atmosphere could in fact be shrouding the true feelings at the table especially as the language hints at tension the use of cliff hangers especially used to show Sheila and Gerald‟s relationship and problems (it will be assumed by students that as they are engaged he is considered part of the family) the dialogue between the characters is a clear indication of tension, e.g. Birling and Eric. the children still being treated as „little children‟, seen through the language Explaining and analysing

How does Priestley present the relationship between Sheila Birling and Gerald Croft in An Inspector Calls? Key words - write down 5 points = 5 paragraphs = expand on each covering the aspects below Language Structure effects on reader/audience ideas and themes As a class deconstruct the question Explaining and analysing

What do you think Priestley is trying to tell us about responsibility in the play An Inspector Calls? Key words - write down 5 points = 5 paragraphs = expand on each covering the aspects below Language Structure effects on reader/audience ideas and themes As a class deconstruct the question Explaining and analysing

The mark scheme – what did we miss?

Sophisticated analysis of characterisation, ideas and language A Analysis of characterisation, ideas and language in convincing detail B Clear understanding.

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Sophisticated analysis of characterisation, ideas and language A Analysis of characterisation, ideas and language in convincing detail B Clear understanding.

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Presentation on theme: "Sophisticated analysis of characterisation, ideas and language A Analysis of characterisation, ideas and language in convincing detail B Clear understanding."— Presentation transcript:

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