1. Limits to Cell Size How do organisms get “bigger”?
Answer this in your own words

2. Cell Growth Limitations
Information crisis: too many demands placed on DNA
Traffic problems: volume grows too fast relative to surface area; material exchange is insufficient

3. Chromosomes
In eukaryotic cells, DNA is packaged into multiple chromosomes.
DNA double helix
duplicated chromosome
coils
sister chromatids
centromere
nucleosome
supercoils
histone proteins

4. Cell Division Produces two daughter cells
What must happen before cell division? Cell must replicate DNA before cell division.

5. Asexual Reproduction
A single parent produces genetically identical offspring.
New individuals form from the separation of cells.

6. The Eukaryotic Cell Cycle
The cell cycle is when a cell grows, prepares for division, and divides into two new daughter cells.
There are 3 parts to the cell cycle.
1. Interphase
2. Mitosis
3. Cytokinesis

7. The Cell Cycle
Eukaryotic cells have a more complex cell cycle than prokaryotic cells.

8. Cancer and the Cell Cycle
Cancer is a disease of the cell cycle. Some of the body’s cells divide uncontrollably and tumors may result.
Liver Cancer

9. Cancer and DNA mutations
What occurs to make a gene mutation? An error in DNA replication causing a mutation! DNA mutations disrupt the cell cycle.
Mutations may be caused by:
1. Radiation
2. Smoking
3. Pollutants
4. Chemicals
5. Viruses