1. Cell Transport

2. Diffusion
The net movement of particles from an area where there are many particles to an area where there are few.
HIGH TO LOW
This is a form of PASSIVE TRANSPORT: no energy required.

3. Dynamic Equilibrium
Equilibrium: Equal particles in all parts of the substance.
Dynamic equilibrium: continuous movement of particles with no overall change.

4. Facilitated Diffusion
Requires the use of transport proteins to get particles through the plasma membrane.
Water filled proteins change shape as they transport particles across a membrane.

5. Osmosis
Osmosis: the diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane. Only water moves.

6. Effects of Osmosis Isotonic: solution is the same inside and out.
Hypotonic: More solute inside the cell than out
Hypertonic: more solute outside the cell than in.

7. Active Transport Requires energy.
Movement against a concentration gradient.

8. Na+/K+ ATPase Pump Proteins in membrane bond to sodium ions.
ATP attaches to the proteins.
ATP is broken down and the shape of the protein changes, allowing the sodium to leave.
Now potassium outside the cell bonds to the same protein.
Potassium bond causes phosphate to be released from protein.
This changes the shape of the protein and lets potassium into the cell.

9. ATPase Pump

10. Exocytosis + Endocytosis
Exocytosis lets large particles (waste etc.) out of the cell
Endocytosis brings large particles in