1. Supplying oxygen to all of the cells of your body
Respiratory System
Supplying oxygen to all of the cells of your body

2. Read P.g. 281 Fitness test and design an experiment to calculate your VO2 max.
After collect information from your classmates and display the class results in an appropriate format.
1.) Description of your procedure (full experiment you ran)
2.) Class results
3.) Any conclusions you can draw about yourself and the class.

3. Respiratory System Primary function: Other functions: obtain O2
remove CO2
Other functions:
filter air
produce sounds
sense of smell
regulate blood pH

4. Respiration: All processes involved in the exchange of O2 and CO2 between cells and the environment.
Breathing: Movement of gases between external environment and location where they enter and exit the body.

5. Challenges
Larger animals need more O2 for cellular respiration – to produce energy
Need a larger surface area for O2 to diffuse across
Skin – must be kept moist
Gills
Spiracles
Lungs

6. Gills Used by many aquatic animals
Provide a larger surface area for diffusion on gases

8. Countercurrent flow P.g. 283-284
– water flows one way, blood in the flows in the opposite direction.
Increases efficiency of O2 intake
O2-rich blood is in contact with O2-poor water
O2 diffuses from a high concentration – low concentration

11. Spiracles Holes on the outer surface of an animal’s body
allow air to pass through for gas exchange
Only small animals

12. Insects: air in spiracles, to a tracheal system.
These branching tubes make direct contact with the body cells

13. Read p.g
Answer practice questions 1-6.

14. Lungs
Huge surface area within the body for gas exchange between the external environment & the blood
Thousands of air sacs: alveoli
Found in mammals, birds, amphibians, reptiles
Higher efficiency for maximum gas exchange

17. Organs of the Respiratory System
Upper respiratory tract:
Nose – hair & sticky mucus filter large particles
Nasal cavity – hollow space behind nose
Pharynx – space behind the nasal cavity, AKA the “throat”

19. Organs of the Respiratory System
Lower respiratory tract:
Larynx – between pharynx & trachea, “voice box”
Trachea – tube at the front of the neck, “windpipe”
Bronchial tree – branched airways connecting the trachea to the air sacs in the lungs
Bronchi, bronchioles – passageways in the lungs
Lungs – soft, spongy, cone-shaped organs.

22. Breathing Mechanism Inhalation Exhalation
Diaphragm (muscle under the lungs) moves down, pressure in lungs decreases, air enters lungs
Exhalation
Diaphragm relaxes, ribs & sternum move down & in, pressure in the lungs increases, air is forced out of the lungs
Air moves from areas of high pressure to low pressure

24. Oxygen & CO2 Transport O2 moves from:
 the atmosphere  alveoli  blood (dissolves in the plasma & forms bonds with hemoglobin)
CO2 is carried away from the body cells in the blood

25. Bronchitis Ailments characterized by a narrowing of the air passages.
Caused by Bacterial or viral infections, or reactions to environmental chemicals.

26. Read page
Answer questions 1-3 on page 296.
Case study: Smoking and Lung Cancer P.g
Analysis questions.