1. Workflow/Business Process Management Introduction business process management and workflow management

2. Business Process Management
Overview
Business Process Management
process mining
Relation with BPR
(Re)design of workflows
Resource management
Logistical aspects
Analysis of workflows
Staffware
Patterns
Protos
Concepts
Guidelines
FLOWer
Workflow management systems
Simulation
Techniques for business process modelling
Interorganizational workflow
Adaptive workflow
With or without WFMS
Workflow management

3. Focus on models

4. Some trends in Information Systems
From programming to assembling
From data orientation to process orientation
From design to redesign and organic growth
operating system
generic applications
domain specific applications
tailor-made applications

5. Before BPM: WFM - workflow management -
Goal
To manage the flow of work such that the work is done at the right time by the proper person.
Definitions
A workflow management system (WFMS) is a software package that can be used to support the definition, management and execution of workflow processes.
A workflow system (WFS) is a system based on a WFMS that supports a specific set of business processes through the execution of computerized process definitions

6. Relevance of workflow management systems
Trend: OS
DBMS
appl.
WFMS
UIMS
Processes:
are becoming more important (BPR)
are subject to frequent changes
are becoming more complex
are increasing in number Þ
Workflow Management System

7. The basic idea: separation of processes, resources and applications
WFMS
separation of processes, resources and applications
focus on the logistics of work processes, not on the contents of individual tasks

8. BPM: The next step - business process management -
True Business Process Management is an amalgam of traditional workflow and the 'new' BPM technology. It then follows that as BPM is a natural extension of – and not a separate technology to – Workflow, BPM is in fact the merging of process technology covering 3 process categories: interactions between (i) people-to-people; (ii) systems-to-systems and (iii) systems-to-people – all from a process-centric perspective. This is what true BPM is all about.” Jon Pyke, CTO Staffware.
“…a blending of process management/workflow with application integration.” David McCoy, Gartner Group

9. BPR, CPI, Office logistics - relationships to other domains -
Business Process Reengineering (BPR)
(Business Process Redesign)
Hammer and Champy: "Reengineering the corporation" (1993)
Keywords:
fundamental
radical
dramatic
process
The "organize before automate"-principle is replaced by "process thinking".

10. Processes and the organization

11. Continuous Process Improvement (CPI)
Instead of of seeking a radical breakthrough, optimizing the process by continuous, incremental improvements.
Part of the Total Quality Management (TQM) approach ("doing it right the first time", "eliminate waste", ...)
high
low
impact
frequency
BPR
CPI
chaos
stagnation
change
time
BPR and CPI are both process centric and can be supported by a WFMS.

12. History and CSCW - the WFM/BPM market -

13. Historical overview of systems
(Zur Muehlen, 2003)

14. (Zur Muehlen, 2003)
Workflow management is already 25 years old (cf. OfficeTalk, Skip Ellis/Xerox)!
The WFM hype is over …, but there are more and more applications, and WFM is adopted by many other technologies (ERP, Web Services, etc.).

15. CSCW spectrum

16. Refined view (without datbase applications)

17. Trade-offs

18. P2P = Person To A2P = Application To Person A2A = Application To human
oriented
system
groupware
workflow
transaction
processing
P2P =
Person To
A2P =
Application To
Person
A2A =
Application To

19. Focus on "classical" workflow management systems, but ...
Four types of "workflow-like" systems:
Information systems with hard-coded workflows (process& organization specific).
Custom-made information systems with generic workflow support (organization specific).
Generic software with embedded workflow functionality (e.g., the workflow components of ERP, CRM, PDM, etc. systems).
Generic software focusing on workflow functionality (e.g., Staffware, MQSeries Workflow, FLOWer, COSA, Oracle BPEL, Filenet, etc.).

20. WFM architecture - reference model and example -

21. Reference model of the Workflow Management Coalition
What?
When?
Who?

26. Workflow perspectives - processes dominate! -

27. Workflow perspectives
Process perspective (tasks and the routing of cases)
Resource perspective (workers, roles, 4-eyes principle, etc.)
Case/data perspective (process instances and their attributes)
Operation/application perspective (forms, application integration, etc.)
...

28. Process perspective: Protos (extended Petri nets)

29. Process perspective: Staffware

30. Process perspective: COSA (Petri nets)

31. Process perspective: Baan DEM

32. Process perspective: Event driven process chains (ARIS/SAP)

33. Petri nets as a basis
The process perspective is the most dominant one.
There are many modeling techniques and tools
BPEL, BPMN, DFD, ISAC, SADT, PN, HLPN, PA, FC, UML, ...
Simulation tools, design tools, CASE tools, WFMS, ...
Focus on the essential concepts rather than (system-)specific languages.
Approach in this course (1) first master workflow modeling in terms of workflow nets (a subset of Petri nets), and (2) only then look into mappings to and from (system-)specific languages.

34. Example of a process model: A Petri net modeling order processing

35. Play the token game …

36. Test Exercise: Dining philosophers
5 philosophers sharing 5 chopsticks: chopsticks are located in-between philosophers
A philosopher is either in state eating or thinking and needs two chopsticks to eat.
Model as a Petri net.