1. The ONLY game show that helps you learn your fun cell facts
Cellpardy
The ONLY game show that helps you learn your fun cell facts

2. WHAT DO YOU KNOW ABOUT CELLS?

3. Cells Versus Atoms
Atoms make up _____________, which form to make_________, making____________, and finally cells
What are “Elements”, “Molecules”, “organic compounds”
How are cells and atoms related?
ANSWER: Atoms form to make molecules, molecules form to make cells, cells form to make organisms.
What is different about them?
Cells are much larger. Cells are composed of billions of molecules. Cells are only in living things. Cells are essential to all life.
How are they similar?
Atoms are the basic building blocks for chemistry and cells are the basic building blocks for life

4. Cells Versus Atoms what is different about them?
__________ are much larger than _________. _________ are composed of millions of molecules. __________ are essential to all life
What are “cells”, “atoms”, “cells” and “cells”
How are cells and atoms related?
ANSWER: Atoms form to make molecules, molecules form to make cells, cells form to make organisms.
What is different about them?
Cells are much larger. Cells are composed of billions of molecules. Cells are only in living things. Cells are essential to all life.
How are they similar?
Atoms are the basic building blocks for chemistry and cells are the basic building blocks for life

5. Cells Versus Atoms What is similar about them?
_________________ are the building blocks for chemistry and _________________ are the building blocks for life
What are “atoms” and “cells”
How are cells and atoms related?
ANSWER: Atoms form to make molecules, molecules form to make cells, cells form to make organisms.
What is different about them?
Cells are much larger. Cells are composed of billions of molecules. Cells are only in living things. Cells are essential to all life.
How are they similar?
Atoms are the basic building blocks for chemistry and cells are the basic building blocks for life

6. Cells Versus Atoms Overview
Atoms to Cells

7. Molecules into Structures
What is the relationship between cells and carbon atoms?
__________ are composed of _________, and ___________ atoms are essential in cells.
What are “cells”, “atoms”, “carbon”
Cells are composed of atoms, and carbon atoms are essential in cells.
Carbon is essentail to life

8. Molecules into Structures
Who cares about carbon? Why?
Carbon is essential to life because it has a unique ability to:
What is bond with other structures due to the four available valence electrons
Cells are composed of atoms, and carbon atoms are essential in cells.
Carbon is essentail to life

9. Molecules into Structures
Who cares about carbon? Why?
Carbon forms ______________ kind of bonds
What is covalent
Cells are composed of atoms, and carbon atoms are essential in cells.
Carbon is essentail to life

10. Molecules into Structures
Who cares about carbon? Why?
Covalent bonds are crucial because they are __________ in water and have the _____________ bond strength
What are insoluble or not soluble and strongest
Cells are composed of atoms, and carbon atoms are essential in cells.
Carbon is essentail to life

11. What are the most common elements in living organisms?
Carbon
Oxygen
Calcium
Sodium
Silicon
Glue
Sulfur
Uranium
Hydrogen
Helium
Phosphorus
Gum
Nitrogen

12. What are the most common elements in living organisms?
Sulfur
Carbon
Hydrogen
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Phosphorus

13. Organic Molecules
When molecules are built in chains or rings of carbon atoms they are said to be
What are organic molecules or carbon-based molecules

14. Organic Molecules
Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids are considered to be
What are types of organic molecules

15. Organic Molecules
Also known as fat, oil, fatlike these organic compounds are compound usually has fatty acids in its molecular structure. Most important in plasma membrane
What are lipids

16. Organic Molecules
This organic compound describes DNA or RNA, is composed of nucleotides are in important for coding instructions for the cell processes. Large.
What are Nucleic Acids

17. What are Carbohydrates
Organic Molecules
These are organic compound made of C, H, and O. Examples are sugars, starches, and cellulose.
What are Carbohydrates

18. What are Proteins Organic Molecules
These organic molecules are composed of one or more polypeptide chains of amino acids. Most structural materials and enzymes in a cell are these.
What are Proteins

19. Energy Reserves in Plant and Animals
____________ are organic compound that produce twice as much energy as ___________________
What are lipids and carbohydrates

20. Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

21. Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
simple organism without nucleus: an organism whose DNA is not contained within a nucleus, e.g. a bacterium
What are Prokaryotes

22. Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
organisms with visible nuclei: any organism with one or more cells that have visible nuclei and organelles
What are Eukaryotes

23. Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
Bigger
Smaller
Complex Appendages
Simple Appendages
Flagella
Cell Wall Simple when present
Cell Wall Complex
No Cytoskeleton
Plasma Membrane
Cytoskeleton
No Membrane Bound Organelles
Membrane Bound Organelles
Cell Division
Cytoplasm
Unbound Nucleoid
Membrane Bound Nucleus and Nucleolus
Ribosome
Chromosome

24. Cell Anatomy: Animals versus Plants
Animal cells and Plant Cells Similarities and Differences

25. Plant V Animal
____ have a cell wall
What are plants

26. Plant V Animal
____ have a centriole
What are Animals

27. Plant V Animal
___ have a chloroplast
What are plants

28. Cell Anatomy: Animals versus Plants

29. Movement Through Membranes

30. Osmosis and Diffusion Similarities and Differences

31. Movement Through Membranes
By definition is the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
What is diffusion

32. Movement Through Membranes
By definition is the movement of water from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
What is osmosis

33. Movement Through Membranes
Osmosis
Diffusion
Molecules go through a semipermeable membrane.
Just add water
Molecules spread over a large area
Everything but water
Molecules move around to create an equilibrium.
Move from High to Low concentrations

34. What is the Concentration Gradient
The _________________ of molecules at various points separate high _____________ from low create a boundary called a _______________
There is a concentration _____________ because of the differences in concentration
What is the Concentration Gradient

35. Passive and Active Transport

36. Passive and Active Transport
Requires energy to move from low concentrations to high
What is Active Transport

37. Passive and Active Transport
Requires no energy to move from high concentrations to low
What is Passive Transport

38. Passive and Active Transport
Diffusion is what kind of transport
What is Passive Transport

39. Passive and Active Transport
Osmosis is what kind of transport
What is Passive Transport

40. Passive and Active Transport
Requires transport proteins but still requires no energy is what
What is facilitated diffusion

41. More about Facilitated Diffusion
What is facilitated diffusion?
Diffusion of a substance across a membrane using a transport protein

42. Active versus Passive Transport
Water?
What is Passive, Osmosis

43. Active versus Passive Transport
Sodium?
What is Active Transport

44. Active versus Passive Transport
Oxygen?
What is Passive, Diffusion

45. Active versus Passive Transport if passive which one?
Glucose?
What is Passive, facilitated diffusion

46. Active versus Passive Transport
Glucose
Cannot move easily because it is large. But can pass through with Passive Transport with the facilitated diffusion
Water
Can move easily because it is small. Uses Osmosis, which is Passive Transport
Oxygen
Can move easily because it is small and moves through diffusion (Passive Transport)
Sodium
Use Active Transport, requiring Energy to move against the concentration gradient as well as with it. In animal cells the concentration of sodium ions is greater outside the cell

47. Membranes. What are they and what are they used for?

48. Membranes. What are they and what are they used for?
_______________is the function of a cell membrane
What is allowing materials in/out of cell

49. Membranes. What are they and what are they used for?
the property of cell membranes which only allows certain materials in/out of a cell is called
What is semipermeable

50. Hypotonic Isotonic Hypertonic?

51. Hypotonic Isotonic Hypertonic
___________: Concentration of solutes is equal inside cell than outside
What is Isotonic

52. More about Isotonic
Is the solution hypertonic, hypotonic, or isotonic (compared to the cell)?
Isotonic (the solution contains an equal concentration of solute to the cell).

53. Which way will water move?
More about Isotonic
Which way will water move?
Water will move in and out at equal rates

54. Hypotonic Isotonic Hypertonic
What is Isotonic

55. Hypotonic Isotonic Hypertonic
___________: Concentration of solutes outside the cell is less then the concentration inside
What is hypotonic

56. More about Hypotonic
Is the solution hypertonic, hypotonic, or isotonic (compared to the cell)?
Hypotonic (the solution has a LOWER concentration of solute than the cell.

57. Which way will water move?
More about Hypotonic
Which way will water move?
Into the cell because the concentration of water is higher outside the cell.

58. Hypotonic Isotonic Hypertonic
What is hypotonic

59. Hypotonic Isotonic Hypertonic
___________: Concentration of solutes outside the cell is greater than inside
What is Hypertonic

60. More about Hypertonic
Is the solution hypertonic, hypotonic, or isotonic (compared to the cell)?
Hypertonic (the solution contains a HIGHER concentration of solute than the cell).

61. Which way will water move?
More about Hypertonic
Which way will water move?
Out of the cell because the concentration of water is higher in the cell.

62. Hypotonic Isotonic Hypertonic
What is hypertonic

63. Why is it so bad to drink seawater?

64. Why is it so bad to drink seawater?
There is more water in your cells compared to the external environment with salt water solution.
Creating a hypertonic state with a higher concentration gradient of water from cells moving outward through osmosis.
Water will leave the cell through passive transport leaving the cell to contract or shrink.
You will become dehydrated, if the dehydration continues you could die.
“because you can’t pull the water from the salt for your body to use and it just builds up until you go insane and talk to volleyballs”

65. Cell Division

66. Maximum efficiency, replace worn out or damaged, and differentiation
Cells are composed of atoms, and carbon atoms are essential in cells.
Carbon is essentail to life
What are reasons for cell division

67. More about Cell Division
Why can’t cells grow to be too large?
Because diffusion and osmosis take time which means that cells need to be small enough to get the nutrients they need in a timely fashion.

68. Cell Cycle

69. What is the longest phase of the cell cycle?
More about Cell Cycle
What is the longest phase of the cell cycle?
Interphase

70. Mitosis? Mitowhat?
Is the precise distribution of DNA to daughter cells creating an exact copy
What is mitosis

71. How many daughter cells are created in Mitosis (from one parent cell)?
More about Mitosis
How many daughter cells are created in Mitosis (from one parent cell)?
Two identical cells with all of the same materials – DNA and cell organelles

72. What is differentiation
Process by which new cells specialize and become different in appearance and function from their parent cells, different by activation of different portions of DNA, change how cells look and behave
What is differentiation

73. What stage is it What is Interphase Long and active cycle
DNA and chromosomes are duplicated in the nucleus
Mitochondria are made in the cytoplasm
Cell grows
What is Interphase

74. More about Interphase
What phase is this?
Interphase – because you can only see the nucleus, but no chromosomes can be seen yet.

75. What stage is it What is Prophase Chromosomes coil and become shorter.
Each Chromosome appears as a double structure joined at the centromere
Centrioles move to opposite ends of the cell (except in plants, there are no centrioles, but these events still occur as described here)
What is Prophase

76. More about Prophase
What phase is this?
Prophase – because you can see the chromosomes, and they are randomly scattered in the nucleus.

77. What stage is it What is Metaphase Doubled chromosomes line up
Cytoplasmic fibers are now attached to each doubled chromosome at the centromere
What is Metaphase

78. More about Metaphase
What phase is this?
Metaphase – because you can see the chromosomes lined up along the middle.

79. What stage is it What is Anaphase Doubled chromosomes separate
New chromosomes are pushed and pulled to the opposite ends of the cell by the cytoplasmic fibers
What is Anaphase

80. More about Anaphase
What phase is this?
Anaphase – because you can see the sister chromatids being pulled to opposite sides of the cell.

81. What stage is it What is Telophase
Chromosomes approach the ends and group together
New nuclear membrane
Cytoplasm divides
New cell membrane forms (cell wall laid between new cells in plants)
The new cells enter interphase
What is Telophase

82. Telophase – because you can see two nuclei in the cell.
More about Telophase
What phase is this?
Telophase – because you can see two nuclei in the cell.

83. How is mitosis different in plant and animal cells?
LAST SLIDE! Now make up your 3X5 study notecard and study for tomorrow’s test! Good Luck!  You want to do you very best!
How is mitosis different in plant and animal cells?
Animal cells have centrioles, which start the process of mitosis. Plant cells don’t have centrioles.
Cytokinesis is different in plant and animal cells.