1. Services and Industries Test Review
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Services and Industries Test Review

2. Directions Have Fun! Working in a group of 3, take turns being the:
Guesser (holds phone to head)
Clue giver (lists important words/connections)
Significance explainer (uses paper to double-check WHY this term/concept is important)
Stay on task
Be an engaged team member
Ask questions if stuck
Have Fun!

3. Rural = Agriculture 1. 1.
Most typical economic activity in rural areas is agriculture
MDCs= commercial
LDCs= subsistence

4. clustered rural settlements2. 2.
New England USA
Hamlets and villages
Can be circular or linear

5. consumer services 3. 3. 4 Categories of Consumer Services Include:
Retail/wholesale
Hospitality/Leisure
Private Ed/Research
Health/Social Services

6. 50% 4. 4.
The % of CONSUMER services jobs in USA is 52% (apprx 50%)

7. (consumer) education services = 10% jobs5. 5.
These education services do NOT include public school teachers (they are another 5%)

8. urban areas 6. 6.
54% of all people around the world live in urban areas cities. MDCs = 75% urban/LDCs=40% urban
FASTEST growing cities are located in LDCs

9. market area/hinterland7. 7.
The area surrounding a service from which customers are attracted

10. range 8. 8.
The maximum distance people are willing to travel for a service

11. 9.
market center 9.
Market center is the central place for the exchange of goods and services

12. primate city
10.
10.
A primate city has twice the population of the next size city, and is influential in political, social, and economic events in that country

13. 11.
rank-size rule
11.
The nth largest settlement is 1/nth of the population of the largest city
The 4th largest city in a country where the largest city has 4M people would have a population of 1M

14. hierarchy 12. 12. Rank-size rule lists cities in a hierarchical order
Medieval settlements were based on a social hierarchy

15. threshold
13.
13.
Minimum number of customers needed to sustain a business

16. gravity model
14.
14.
Gravity model predicts that the BEST location for a service is DIRECTLY related to the population of an area, and INDIRECTLY related to the time/distance it takes to access the business

17. 15.
periodic markets
15.
Often set up on for a one-day marketplace farmers markets, bazaars, food trucks.
In both LDCs and MDcs

18. central place theory 16. 16. Christaller 1933, Germany
Predicted that large settlements are spaced further apart

19. global (world) cities 17. 17. AKA Alpha Cities
Alpha++ is London, Tokyo, NYC
Offer highest # and variety of BUSINESS services
Have global effect of political, economic, and cultural events
Home to a large % of wealthy citizens

20. hexagon
18.
18.
Perfect CPT shape because no gaps/overlaps, and are equidistant

21. state (national) capital
19.
19.
Specializes in providing PUBLIC services

22. 2 reasons call centers are located in India
20.
2 reasons call centers are located in India
20.
Low wages
English Speaking

23. 2 advantages of offshore banking/financial services
21.
2 advantages of offshore banking/financial services
21.
Secrecy laws
Tax Breaks
USA loses $70B in tax money!

24. back office functions/business-processing outsourcing
22.
back office functions/business-processing outsourcing
22.
These 2 are often used interchangeably
located in LDCs to save money on ROUTINE business (clerical) tasks
Low wage
Lower skills

25. telecommunica-tion systems
23.
23.
Reason why it’s easier to locate in LDCs… communication technology!

26. basic economic activity/industry
24.
basic economic activity/industry
24.
Businesses that form a community’s distinctive economic structure
Usually EXPORTED to consumers outside the community

27. location of US manufacturing
25.
location of US manufacturing
25.
Much of US manufacturing is clustered around the Great Lakes

28. distribution of talent
26.
distribution of talent
26.
Richard Florida shows that people with special talents (college degrees, engineers, scientists, professionals) choose to live in places with a high amount of cultural diversity
Top talent cities Boston, Washington D.C., San Francisco, Seattle

29. 27.
multiplier effect
27.
BASIC industries stimulate the growth of NONBASIC industries
Fiesta Texas and Sea World are surrounded by hotels, restaurants, and shops

30. French long lot system 28. 28. Example of a clustered linear system
Houses built along a river so all had water access

31. 29.
enclosure movement
29.
British laws that PROMOTED a more efficient agricultural output
REDUCED village life and land ownership
DROVE urbanization patterns as people moved to cities to look for work
COINCIDED with Industrial Revolution

32. ziggurat 30. 30. Ancient temple of Ur
Most important/dominant building in the settlement

33. 31.
Parthenon
31.
Most important/dominant building in ancient Athens

34. “All roads lead to Rome”
32.
“All roads lead to Rome”
32.
A saying that is still used…
Comes from the fact that Rome had a HIGHLY DEVELOPED infrastructure- both roads and communication sysytems.

35. 33.
Mesopotamia
33.
Fertile Crescent
Hearth of urban settlement

36. 34.
social heterogeneity
34.
The larger the settlement, the greater the variety of people
More “freedom” to be different because greater levels of tolerance
Easier to find people with similar interests

37. 35.
urbanization
35.
Most important global population and settlement trend/pattern
Measured in raw #s
Measured as a % of global population

38. Industrial Revolution
36.
Industrial Revolution
36.
The Industrial Revolution was a key event that impacted urbanization

39. Fall of the Roman Empire
37.
Fall of the Roman Empire
37.
After the collapse of the Roman Empire in 471 CE, urbanization actually decreased for several centuries

40. Medieval urban settlements
38.
Medieval urban settlements
38.
Hierarchical social structure
Built around a common market area
Church was often the most prominent building

41. city-state 39. 39. Dominates a state
Walled area with surrounding controlled territory
Examples include Athens, Sparta, Rome

42. great study strategies
40.
great study strategies
Attend a review
Use Quizlet
Make a study group
Take great notes in class
Have fun playing Heads Up!