1. Bellwork: Multiple Choice Checkpoint Questions

3. Learning Targets
Learning Target: I can analyze primary source political cartoons using the P.O.S.T. strategy to understand how reformers during the Progressive Era had advocated for themselves and others.
Language Target: I can gather and use key information (P.O.S.T) from text and political cartoons to make a claim about the message of the cartoons.

4. Henry Ford’s Assembly Line https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l15D3VQ8pSU
1. Describe assembly line work.
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Child Labor
2. Why did children have to work?
3. Why do you think children lied about their age?
Tenements
4. How many families could be living in 1 apartment?
5. Provide an example of a new code for tenement living
Political Corruption-Tammany Hall (William “Boss” Tweed)
6. Describe one of Boss Tweed’s corrupt practices.

5. Guided Notes and Political Cartoons
P.O.S.T. stands for people, objects, symbols, and text. When examining a political cartoon, P.O.S.T. it to determine its message.
People
Who do you see? Do you recognize anyone? Who is center stage? Who is in the background? How are people dressed? Are there any caricatures or exaggerations? Is anyone abnormally larger or small? Is any action taking place?
Object
What do you see? What is center stage? What is in the background? Is anything abnormally large or abnormally small?
Symbols
Do you recognize any symbols that give information? Do any objects have meaning beyond their literal meaning?
Text
Read any words, slogans, captions, or titles. What information do they tell you?

6. The Gilded Age wasn’t so gilded
Gilded means to be covered in gold.
The Gilded Age is the time period between the Civil War and World War I ( ) During this time, the U.S. population and economy grew quickly.
Cause: political corruption and corporate financial misdealings
Effects: poor working conditions, low pay, and unsafe housing

7. Homestead Strike 1892
The Carnegie Steel Company attempted to cut the wages of the skilled steel workers, when the workers refused the pay cut, management (Henry Frick) locked the union out (Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers).
Frick brought in thousands of strikebreakers to work the steel mills and to safeguard them, brought in Pinkerton agents (security guards).
A fight broke out between the strikers and the Pinkerton guards.
In all, nine strikers and seven Pinkerton’s were killed. The sheriff, unable to recruit local residents against the strikers, appealed to Governor William Stone for support; eight thousand militia arrived to put down the strike.

8. What is the overall message of this political cartoon?

10. The Gilded Age wasn’t so gilded
Pullman Strike 1894
George Mortimer Pullman (1831 – 1897) designed the Pullman sleeping car (railway passenger car) and founded a company town for the workers who worked for him. Following the economic depression caused by the Panic of 1893.
George Pullman increased working hours, cut wages and cut jobs. The workers belonged to the American Railroad Union (ARU) founded by Eugene V. Debs. The workers protested and started the Pullman Strike on May 11, 1894 and violence broke out.  George Pullman and the railroads gained the support of President Cleveland for the use of US troops who used harsh methods to suppress the strikers. Debs was sent to jail and the strike was broken by July 17, 1894.

11. Pullman Strike 1894 People- Objects- Symbols- Text-
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Objects-
Symbols-
Text-
What is the overall message of this political cartoon?
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12. The Gilded Age wasn’t so gilded
William “boss” Tweed was an American politician most notable for being the "boss" of Tammany Hall, the Democratic Party political machine that played a major role in the politics of 19th century New York City and State.
He was corrupt because he stole money from NYC taxpayers through bribery and fraud.
Thomas Nast was an editorial cartoonist for Harper's Weekly. Nast exposed Tweed’s corruption through the publication of his political cartoons.
Political Machines

13. Political Machines People- Objects- Symbols- Text-
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Objects-
Symbols-
Text-
What is the overall message of this political cartoon?
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14. Advocating for yourself and others!
The Progressive Era was a period of widespread social activism and political reform across the United States, from the 1890s to the 1920s.
The main objectives of the Progressive movement were eliminating problems caused by industrialization, urbanization, immigration, and corruption in government.
Among reformers were leading journalists and writers, whose work influenced public opinion. Sometimes called muckrakers because they dug up the “muck” (wrongdoing) among businesses and politicians. Once exposed, many people then demanded government action to reform societal problems.

15. Closure
After viewing the political cartoons, create a statement that accurately describes the characteristics of the Gilded Age.
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16. The Gilded Age wasn’t so gilded (covered in gold)