1. Pumping System Knowledge and Fundamentals between Kinetic and PD
A strong understanding of pumping systems, beyond the pump flanges, sells more pumps and offers a better insight into troubleshooting situations.
To understanding the fundamental difference between Kinetic and Dynamic pumping technology allows to better choose best suited for the need.

2. SOMETIMES THE CUSTOMER KNOWS SOMETHING
???
MAYBE / MAYBE NOT

3. SOMETIMES THE CUSTOMER KNOWS EVERYTHING
Flow based on system dynamics
Differential head based on inlet and discharge pressure values
Chemical compatibility
Shaft sealing requirements
Viscosity, Vapor Pressure and Specific Gravity at temperature
Duty cycle
Other
CAUTION: Verify they know the facts.

4. SOMETIMES EVERYONE INVOLVED PERCIEVES SOMETHING DIFFERENTLY
Most important to get the true requirements as the outcome can be different

5. CLASSIC CASE > CUSTOMER WANTS MORE FLOW
Will they:
Expect to use same system?
Expect to increase pipe size?
Expect the need for increase in HP?
Consider the potential of over-pressure?
Expect pump sales agent to assist in these and other decisions.
<< More so today than ever before >>
Are we:
System Designers > NO (not typically)
System Consultants > Many times we offer the solutions
?? DO THE LAWS OF PHYSICS CHANGE BASED ON HOW THE SYSTEM PARAMETERTS ARE CHANGED??

6. Tools to Collect and Analyze information
Proven to be reliable over the years are:
Hydraulic Institute information
Cameron Hydraulic Guide
Crane papers / tools
Blackmer Bulletin 33 (much is derived from Hydraulic Institute)
Other major manufacturers / Engineering Companies literature:
Caution about tools, both paper and electronic.
If they do not have a long history of reliable use, verify accuracy. Most friction-loss, pressure-drop tools are based on approximation methods. They are reliable when utilized correctly.
It is strongly recommended all are verified: Compared to other proven and trusted tools.. This verification process helps in getting to know “exactly” how to utilize the new tool correctly.

7. Collection of information is 50% of the task
Everyone needs tool(s) that work for them
Data collection tools: Forms that promote collection of adequate information prompting to ask the right questions.
Same information used for applying new or trouble shooting a problem.
Pump Application Forms on the Blackmer Web Site “Distributor Section”: Blackmer PD in general, centrifugal System One, and C-series.
Adequate and accurate information is a must.
Understanding the difference (physical limits) between Kinetic and PD pump performance and capabilities.
Wrong SG, VP. Head Pressure or Viscosity will impact where the pump will operate within its performance capabilities and bad information will cause less than desirable results.

8. Collection of information Continued
Good information is key regardless of industry
Adequate system information is not limited to complex piping systems.
Applies to stationary, mobile, atmospheric vented or closed systems.
Applies for the transfer of liquids or gases etc.
Many pump applications are repeats of past successful installations.
Are they really > must know is it exact or not.
The differences you are not told about may be the difference between a successful application or various degrees of poor performance such as severe cavitation, noise, vibration and reduced live.
For LG/SGL Systems there is minimal room for error on the suction side because the fluid is stored at its liquid/vapor equilibrium state.
Note: Typically for PD pump installations a certain % volumetric loss (temperature/fluid dependent) can be tolerated. This varies based on fluid type and fluid mix. General rule for atmospheric vented installations is up to 10%.

9. A Simple Pumping System
Transfer from a Source through a pump to a destination

10. System Energy diagram

11. Many Commercial Tools From the Web
PipeDrop
PipeFlo
AFT Fathom
** An Interesting one to review:
MANY MORE, LET THE INTERNET BE YOUR GUIDE
THE 2 SPREAD SHEET TOOLS ARE AVAILABLE FROM OUR WEB SITE.

12. Blackmer Friction Loss Tools
Excel spreadsheets available(same as Bulletin 33 & SystemCalc)
Use with Bulletin 33
Stand alone tool (SystemCalc)

13. Friction tables or graphs
THERE ARE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN VARIOUS FRICTION TABLES AND CHARTS.
Some tables are expressed per 1-foot of pipe, some per 100-ft and others per 1000-ft of pipe.
Some values are pressure modulus, some in feet and others in psi.
Most are based on 1.0 SG fluid and need correction for fluids other than 1.0 SG.
Some show areas (shaded) that express the difference between turbulent and laminar flow. Within laminar flow, interpolation / extrapolation can be performed within practical limits.
When working with centrifugal pumps it is best to think in terms of head
When working with with PD pumps best to work with PSI.

14. The following information offers a Comparison of Centrifugal and Rotary PD pump performance curves and how each design is influenced by changes in fluid properties and system parameters

15. Traditional Curve formats

16. PD Superimposed onto Centrifugal Format

17. Viscosity Effects

18. Viscosity Effects Efficiency

19. Specific Gravity (SG) and Pressure
When analyzing the piping system, specific gravity(SG) effects viscosity conversions, pipe friction calculations, pressure conversions in terms of PSI to feet of head etc..

20. SG with respect to Centrifugal Pump
Within a centrifugal pump SG is a fundamental element which contributes to the pumps ability to generate its “total Kinetic Energy output” (pressure energy at the flange).
> SG is defined as the weight of sample material at a prescribed volume / temperature as compared to the same volume / temperature of water. This factor is not weight within the pumping element but mass and centrifugal force is fueled by mass. As SG increases the kinetic energy available is greater and the at-the-flange (pressure energy) is greater.
Because head is defined as the height of a fluid column, then it follows that if the fluid is heavier it will take more energy to raise it to the same height as the 1.0 fluid. The additional mass energy within the pumping process compensates and offers the ability to generate a prescribed head regardless of gravity.
100-ft is 100-ft for centrifugal pump performance curves flow not HP or EFF.

21. SG with respect to Rotary PD Pump
“Within” a PD pump SG is not a factor because they do not depend on mass to generate pressure energy. A PD pump generates pressure via mechanical means (not kinetic). System pressure requirements (psi) are assumed to be inclusive of effects of SG. A PD pump needs only adequate HP to overcome system back pressure.
Using the same analogy with a centrifugal pump, if a system fluid SG were to change from 1.0 SG to 1.2 SG the it would require more power from its prime mover, “as does the PD pump”, BUT the increase in pressure head to meet the requirement is created by the increase in mass within the pumping element. The head will not change but the psi requirement does and thus the need for more HP.

22. Effects of static head

23. PUMPING SYSTEM AND PUMP TECHNOLOGY KNOWLEDGE WILL:
Position a person to better serve the customer for both new application installations and retrofitting existing applications.
Better ensure information given makes logical sense compared to the pump or system capabilities.
Offer an improved ability to choose which pump technology will serve the customers need better.
Offer more insight into where there may be opportunities to solve a customer’s problem with a different system configuration or different pump technology. This allows for use of knowledge to overcome selling based on lowest price.