1. HEXAPODS AND ANGIOSPERMS
INSECT EVOLUTION:
HEXAPODS AND ANGIOSPERMS

2. Most modern families radiated (50%+)
Most modern orders
First winged insects
First hexapods

4. PANGAEA

6. Cretaceous-Tertiary Extinction

7. Gnetales - Ancestors of Angiosperms?

9. Fossil Pollen

10. Animal Pollination
Advantages
1. Precision of transfer
2. Gene flow
3. Reproduction in sparse populations
4. Speciation

11. Orchid Pollination

12. Fossil Evidence for Insect Pollination
1. Pollen in guts of fossilized insects
2. Structure of flowers
3. Specialized insect structures

13. Fossil Evidence for Insect Pollination
1. Pollen in guts of fossilized insects
2. Structure of flowers
3. Specialized insect structures

14. Fossil Evidence for Insect Pollination
1. Pollen in guts of fossilized insects
2. Structure of flowers
3. Specialized insect structures
4. Ability to hover

15. Figs and Fig Wasps
Pleistodontes froggatti
Ficus macrophylla

16. Figs and Fig Wasps