1. Ch 9.5 – Wilson’s New Freedom
Woodrow Wilson establishes a strong reform
Agenda as a progressive leader.
Wilson Wins Financial Reform
A. Wilson’s Background
1. Lawyer – Princeton graduate
2. Professor at Bryn Mawr College
3. President of Princeton
4. New Jersey Governor
B. As president he focuses on trusts, tariffs,
high finance (banking)

2. Wilson as
professor

3. Wilson as
President of Princeton
Wilson as NJ Governor

4. As President

5. II. Two Key Antitrust Measures - TRUSTS
A. Clayton Antitrust Act - Stopped companies from buying stock to form monopoly (goes after interlocking directorates)
B. Ended injunctions against strikers
unless threatened irreparable damage
C. Federal Trade Act established the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) –New
“watchdog” agency
1. Investigated regulatory violations
2. Ended unfair business practices

8. III. Wilson Wins Financial Reforms
A. A New Tax System
1. Wilson pushed for Underwood Act
to substantially reduce tariffs
2. Set the precedent of giving State of
the Union message in person
3. Use of the bully pulpit lead to
passage
B. Federal Income Tax
1. Sixteenth Amendment
2. Legalized graduated federal income
tax

10. C. Federal Reserve System
1. Federal Reserve System – private
banking system under federal control
2. Nation divided into 12 districts;
central bank in each district
IV. Women Win Suffrage
A. Local Suffrage Battles
1. College-educated women spread
suffrage message to working-class
2. Women went door-to-door, took
trolley tours, gave speeches at stops
- some adopted bold tactics of
British Suffragists

12. Federal Reserve Bank of New York - Gold Bars are held in 122 compartments in the main
And auxiliary vaults.

13. B. Catt and the National Movement
1. Carrie Chapman Catt, head of NAWSA
2. Stressed organization, lobbying
3. National Woman’s Party aggressively
pressured for suffrage amendment
4. Work of patriotic women in war effort
influenced politicians (Wilson)
Nineteenth Amendment granted
women the right to vote

14. Carrie
Chapman Catt

15. National Woman’s Party

17. The Limits of Progressivism
A. Wilson and Civil Rights
1. As candidate, won support of NAACP
for favoring civil rights
2. As president, opposed antilynching
legislation
3. Appointed fellow white Southerners
to cabinet who extended
segregation
4. NAACP felt betrayed; Wilson ‘s
self-defense widened rift
B. The twilight of Progressivism
--Outbreak of World War I distracted
Americans; reform efforts stalled

18. World War I