1. Biodiversity:
Diversity among and within plant and animal species in an environment.
Note: The preservation of biodiversity is considered by environmentalists to be a major goal of environmental policy.

2. Ecological Diversity:
 Is a type of biodiversity. It is the variation in the ecosystems found in a region or the variation in ecosystems over the whole planet.

3. Habitat:
The natural environment of an organism; place that is natural for the life and growth of an organism.

4. Niche:
The position or function of an organism in a community of plants and animals.

5. POPULATION distribution:
The arrangement or spread of organisms living in a given area; also, how the population of an area is arranged according to variables.

6. POPULATION DENSITY:
The number of organisms living per unit of an area (e.g. per square mile); the number of organisms relative to the space occupied by them

7. Resource Partitioning:
So, when species divide a niche to avoid competition for resources, it is called resource partitioning. Sometimes the competition is between species (interspecific competition) and sometimes it's between individuals of the same species (intraspecific competition).

8. Species Richness:
Species richness is simply the number of species present in a sample, community, or taxonomic group. Species richness is one component of the concept of species diversity, which also incorporates evenness, that is, the relative abundance of species.

9. One species or one type of organism
Monoculture
One species or one type of organism

10. Polyculture
Many species or many types of organisms