1. Competitive Interactions on a Reef

2. Competition and Recruitment
Topics
Coral Coral
Coral Algae
Competition and Recruitment
Benthic Cryptofauna
Fish and Territory

3. Clonal Life History
recruitment
Fission
Fission
Fission
Death

4. Kinds of Competition between Corals
Connell (‘73)
Contact and interaction between soft tissues of coral
No contact between coral colonies
Direct Competition
Indirect Competition

5. Kinds of Competition between Corals
Direct Competition
1. Mesenterial Filaments

6. Kinds of Competition between Corals
Direct Competition
2. Sweeper Tentacles

7. Kinds of Competition between Corals
Direct Competition
3. Sweeper Polyps (Goniopora)

8. Kinds of Competition between Corals
Direct Competition
4. Mucous Secretion (Fungia)

9. Kinds of Competition between Corals
Direct Competition
5. Histoincompatibily

10. Kinds of Competition between Corals
Direct Competition
6. Overgrowth

11. Kinds of Competition between Corals
Indirect Competition
1. Overtopping

13. Mechanisms for Algal Effects on Corals
Branching Digitate Tabulate Encrusting Massive Mushroom
Microalgae
O, C O, C O, C O, C O, C
Filamentous
O, C O, C O, C O, C O, C
Foliose
O, O, O, O, O,
Crustose
O, O, O,
Calcareous O,
Macrophytes
S, C S, C S, C S, A S, A
O = OVERGROWTH, C = CHEMICAL, S = SHADING, A = ABRASION

14. Competition and New Recruits
Vermeij, ‘06

15. Competition and New Recruits
Vermeij, ‘06
3 m

16. Competition and New Recruits
Vermeij, ‘06
Available
space
Time

17. Competition and New Recruits
Vermeij, ‘06
Overgrowth

18. Competition and New Recruits%
Cover
Vermeij, ‘06
Time
Unoccupied %
Cover
Coralline algae
Macroalgae
Sponges
Time

19. Competition and New Recruits
Vermeij, ‘06 50 40 30 20 10 %
Mortality

20. Competition and New Recruits
Vermeij, ‘06
Greatest contributors to recruit mortality
1. Sponges
2. Bivalves

21. Competition among Cryptic Metazoa

22. Competition among Cryptic Metazoa
Jackson (‘92) - artificial substrates
Free space
Colonials
% Cover
Solitary
Time

23. Competition among Cryptic Metazoa
Jackson (‘92) - artificial substrates
% suspended cells
retained
Abundance
Sponges
Bryozoans
Time

24. Competition among Reef Fish
Williams ‘78
3 spot territory
Dusky territory
Acropora
Dusky
3-spot

25. Competition among Reef Fish
Robertson ‘96
Species A B C D E F
Aggressive territory holders - defend and eat algae
Less aggressive territory holders - wide variety of foods

26. Competition among Reef Fish
Roberston ‘96
Species A B C D E F
Populations doubled in size
& moved from periphery to centre of reef

27. Competition among Reef Fish
Roberston ‘96
Species A B C D E F
- little effect - space allocated randomly

28. KARST SHORE

29. KARST SHORE - ZONATION

30. KARST SHORE - ZONATION EHW MHW MLW ELW White Zone Gray Zone Black Zone
Yellow Zone
MLW
ELW
Pink Zone

31. KARST SHORE - ZONATION
WHITE ZONE

32. KARST SHORE - ZONATION
GRAY ZONE

33. KARST SHORE - ZONATION
BLACK ZONE

34. KARST SHORE - ZONATION
YELLOW ZONE