1. All Actions and Thoughts
The Past
All Actions and Thoughts
By All Individuals
In All Times and Places
3. Events observed, remembered
and recorded.
(Unrecorded actions and thoughts
have been lost to history)
2. Events observed and
remembered.
(Events observed but not
remembered have been
lost to history)
4. Events for which we have
surviving records.
(This is the raw material of
History)
1. Events observed
by someone.
(Events not observed
have been lost to history)
5. Available,usable,
believable records
for a given historical
account.
6. The Account

2. Elements of Historical Mindedness
Sensitivity to how other times and places differ from our own
Awareness of basic continuities in human affairs over time
Ability to note and explain significant changes
Sensitivity to multiple causation
Awareness that all history is a reconstruction that inadequately reflects the past as it really happened

3. Stages of Historical Consciousness
History as fact
History as causal sequence
History as complexity
History as interpretation

4. All Actions and Thoughts
The Past
All Actions and Thoughts
By All Individuals
In All Times and Places
2. Events observed and
remembered.
(Events observed but not
remembered have been
lost to history)
3. Events observed, remembered
and recorded.
(Unrecorded actions and thoughts have
been lost to history)
4. Events for which we have
surviving records.
(This is the raw material of
History)
5. Available,usable,
believable records for a
given historical account.
1. Events observed
by someone.
(Events not observed
have been lost to history)
6. The Account