1. Chapter 13: Philosophical Research in Physical Activity
SFM 651:
Research Methods
Dr. Johnson

2. What’s this all about
Descriptive
Prescriptive
Reflection is critical

3. Logic
Philosophy does not “literally measure anything, gather data, or collect p values”
Relies more on logic and other reflective measures

4. Purpose
Complex human problems can be solved via multiple collaborators
Interdisciplinary
Put the pieces of the puzzle together

5. Inquiry Objective Subjective Normative
Producing universal knowledge that accurately describes reality
Subjective
Takes personal experiences and individual preferences seriously
Normative
Challenge, reinforces or applies the norms or standards of a culture

6. Range Metaphysics Axiology Epistemology Addresses the nature of things
Addresses the value of things
Epistemology
Addresses securing knowledge and understanding of status

7. Expectations Low High Moderate Pessimistic Absolutism, realism
Go beyond what is thought
Moderate
World is reasonably durable
Objectivity and thoughtfulness are useless

8. Reasoning Inductive Deductive Descriptive
Moves from observations of a few samples to a statement of general conclusions
Deductive
Moves from general claims to particular conclusions
Descriptive
Describes lived experiences and relies on descriptions of observations

9. Speculation Critical reasoning
Claims about subjects that are significant to humans, but can not be forcefully defended
Critical reasoning
Activity intended to show reasoning errors, faulty claims and misplaced beliefs