1. Unit 4 Vocabulary Presentation
Cristina Wu
English 12
Ms. Heredia

2. Disarray
Denotation: (n.) disorder, confusion; (v.) to throw into disorder
Connotation: negative
Synonyms: (n.) chaos, disorganization;
Antonyms: (n.) organization, order, tidiness
Word in a sentence:
During tax season, Hank’s desk is cluttered in disarray with hundreds of receipts.

3. Disarray

4. Exigency Denotation: (n.) urgency, pressure; urgent demand, emergency
Connotation: neutral
Synonyms: (n.) requirement, crisis
Antonyms: (n.) advantage, benefit, comfort, plenty
Word in a sentence:
“We were caught in a wartime exigency that was beyond any humane, any rational, resistance” (John Kenneth Galbraith).

5. Exigency

6. Flotsam
Denotation: (n.) material or refuse floating on water; useless or unimportant items; odds and ends
Connotation: neutral
Synonyms: (n.) cargo, junk, jetsam, wreckage
Antonyms: N/A
Word in a sentence:
Once the sand was plowed back onto the beaches, volunteers scoured it for any flotsam that got through the sifting machines.

7. Flotsam

8. Frenetic Denotation: (adj.) frantic; frenzied; highly agitated
Connotation: negative
Synonyms: (adj.) furious; obsessive
Antonyms: (adj.) calm, peaceful, balanced
Word in a sentence:
The marriage talks fell apart on Oct. 18, after weeks of frenetic courtship and arduous negotiations.

9. Frenetic

10. Bibliography