1. Relationship between Genotype and Phenotype
Molecular Basis for
Relationship between Genotype and Phenotype
genotype
DNA
DNA sequence
transcription
RNA
translation
amino acid
sequence
protein
function
phenotype
organism

2. Method of Introducing Transgene in Mouse

3. Herpes thymidine kinase gene

4. There are 3 possible fates. Each possibility produces different results.
Targeted insertion results in cells that are neomycin-resistant and do not harbor the tk gene.
Cells can be isolated selectively.

5. When cells are grown in the presence of neomycin analog and ganciclovir, only cells with targeted insertion will survive.
Such cells can be cultured and introduced into embryos in the blastocyst stage.

6. Generation of Knockout Mice
ES cells from agouti mouse (A/A) with targeted insertion of a mutant allele are inserted into blastocyst-stage embryo of a/a genotype.
Embryo is inserted into a surrogate mother and progeny that are chimeric for coat color are selected.

7. Generation of Knockout Mice
Chimeric male is mated to a/a female. DNA from progeny are screened for targeted insertion.
A/a mice with targeted insertion are crossed. Progeny from this cross are screened for targeted insertion and phenotype(s) of mice that are homozygous for the insertion are scored.

8. Human DNA Information: Who should have access to your DNA information?
Ethical Concerns
Who should have access to your DNA information?