1. Biology A
Exam review

2. Question 1
Give an example of a producer?

3. Answer #1
Any Plant

4. Question #2
What part of an experimental design is a prediction that is useful because it helps guide an investigation?

5. Answer #2
Hypothesis

6. Question #3
Name the reactants of Photosynthesis?

7. Answer #3
Carbon dioxide and Water
CO2 and H2O

8. Question #4
Name the reactants of Cellular Respiration?

9. Answer Question #4
Glucose and Oxygen
C6H12O6 and O2

10. Question #5
What mineral is essential to growth of bones?

11. Answer # 5
Calcium

12. Question #6 Sunlight -- Plant cell-- Chemical Energy
What process is this?

13. Answer #6
Photosynthesis

14. Question #7
What are the six top elements found in living things?

15. Answer #7 SPONCH ( ONCH) Top 4= 90% Sulfur Phosphorus Oxygen Nitrogen
Carbon
Hydrogen

16. Which organelle does cellular respiration occur in?
Question #8
Which organelle does cellular respiration occur in?

17. Answer #8
Mitochondria

18. Which organic molecule is a polymer of amino acids?
Question #9
Which organic molecule is a polymer of amino acids?

19. Answer #9
Proteins

20. What do organic compounds contain?
Question # 10
What do organic compounds contain?

21. Carbon and other elements
Answer #10
Carbon and other elements

22. Name the four major macromolecules (organic compounds)
Question # 11
Name the four major macromolecules (organic compounds)

23. Answer #11
Carbohydrate
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic Acids

24. Question #12
What is an example of a monosaccharide?

25. Answer #12
Glucose

26. Question #13
Extreme heat will change an enzyme so that the substrate can no longer bond. What is the term for this?

27. Answer #13
Denaturation ( To denature)

28. Question #14
Carbohydrates stored in fruits and vegetables represent a short-term storage of what element?

29. Answer #14
Carbon

30. What process breaks down polymers (large molecules)?
Question #15
What process breaks down polymers (large molecules)?

31. Answer #15
Hydrolysis

32. What is the basic unit of structure and function for all life?
Question #16
What is the basic unit of structure and function for all life?

33. Answer #16
Cells

34. When does ATP release energy?
Question #17
When does ATP release energy?

35. When a phosphate group is removed
Answer #17
When a phosphate group is removed

36. Question #18
What macromolecule contains more stored energy than carbohydrates because of the numerous Carbon-hydrogen bonds it contains?

37. Answer #18
Lipids

38. Sucrose is an example of which type of carbohydrate?
Question #19
Sucrose is an example of which type of carbohydrate?

39. Answer #19
Disaccharide

40. Question #20
Which structure surrounds the cell and regulates materials that enter and leave?

41. Answer #20
Cell Membrane

42. Question #21
Where is the chemical energy stored in sugar produced by plants?

43. Answer #21
In the bonds

44. Which cell organelle modifies and packages proteins?
Question #22
Which cell organelle modifies and packages proteins?

45. Answer #22
Golgi Apparatus

46. What is the movement of water through a cell membrane referred to as?
Question #23
What is the movement of water through a cell membrane referred to as?

47. Answer #23
Osmosis

48. Question #24
Which organelle in a plant cell which often takes up 90% of the cell’s volume holds water?

49. Answer #24
Large Vacuole

50. What reaction in photosynthesis uses ATP and NADPH to make glucose?
Question #25
What reaction in photosynthesis uses ATP and NADPH to make glucose?

51. Light independent reaction
Answer #25
The Calvin Cycle
Light independent reaction

52. Which cell organelle produces food for the cell?
Question #26
Which cell organelle produces food for the cell?

53. Answer #26
Chloroplast

54. Question #27
ADP ATP
Which is Stored energy?

55. Answer #27
ATP = stored energy

56. Question #28
During cellular respiration, cells convert the energy stored in glucose to make the molecule ATP, less than 40% of this energy actually is converted into ATP. What happens to the other 60%?

57. Answer #28
It is converted into heat energy (lost as heat)

58. What is the product of plant fermentation?
Question #29
What is the product of plant fermentation?

59. Answer #29
Alcohol (beer/wine)

60. Question #30
Plants make sugars in the presence of sunlight in a process called photosynthesis, what form of carbon do the plants take in for this process?

61. Answer #30
Carbon Dioxide

62. Question #31 True or False
If the amount of phosphorus (phosphate) is limited in a cell culture then the amount of ATP energy will increase.

63. Answer #31
False It will decrease since phosphorus/phosphate is needed to make ATP

64. Question #32
Photosynthesis produces carbohydrate that are used in cellular respiration to produce what molecule?

65. Answer #32
ATP

66. Hair, Nails and muscle are all what type of organic macromolecule?
Question #33
Hair, Nails and muscle are all what type of organic macromolecule?

67. Answer #33
Protein

68. Animals release what gas which plants then use for photosynthesis?
Question #34
Animals release what gas which plants then use for photosynthesis?

69. Answer #34
Carbon Dioxide

70. Question #35
A cell observed under a microscope has the following: Nucleus, cell membrane, cell wall, mitochondria, chloroplast and cytoplasm. What type of cell is it NOT?

71. Animal cell or prokaryotic cell
Answer #35
Animal cell or prokaryotic cell

72. Question #36
Both mitochondria and chloroplast are thought to have evolved from prokaryotic cells. List some evidence for this theory of endosymbiosis?

73. Answer #36 Both Mitochondria and Chloroplast have DNA Ribosomes
Divide by binary fission
Same size as prokaryotes

74. What are the products of photosynthesis?
Question #37
What are the products of photosynthesis?

75. Answer #37
Glucose and Oxygen