1. Mandate System
During World War I, Great Britain & France agreed to divide up large portions of Ottoman Empire in the Middle East
After the war, “mandate system” gave Great Britain & France control over lands that became:
Iraq, Transjordan, and Palestine (British controlled)
Syria and Lebanon (French controlled).
This division of Ottoman Empire (through mandate system) led to future conflicts in Middle East

2. Highlight – Britain Highlight – France

3. THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES, 1919

4. THE BIG FOUR

5. David Lloyd-George [Great Britain]
Woodrow Wilson [USA]
Vittorio Orlando [Italy]
Georges Clemenceau [France]

6. Woodrow Wilson - USA President of the USA
Wilson was an idealist and reformer, who wanted to build a better and more peaceful world
He didn’t want the Treaty to be too harsh as he believed this would lead to revenge
He wanted to set up a peace keeping body – The League of Nations

7. David Lloyd George – Great Britain
He was a realist
An experienced politician who realized there must be compromise
But the people of Britain wanted revenge
He knew this would lead to war but he represented the people

8. George Clemenceau - France
Clemenceau had seen France invaded by Germany in 1870 and 1914, he wanted to make sure this would never happen again
France had suffered greatly during the War they wanted compensation and revenge
Uncompromising

9. Vittorio Orlando - Italy
Wanted land and territory for Italy
Walked out of the meeting when he didn’t get his way in April 1919
Returned to sign the Treaty in May

10. Wilson’s Plan for Peace
President Wilson’s goals for peace after World War I, known as the Fourteen Points, included the following:
· an end to secret agreements among nations
· freedom of the seas, free trade, and a limit on arms
· allow national groups to choose which government they wished to live – concept known as self-determination
14th point = League of Nations

11. TREATY OF VERSAILLES, 1919 REVENGE ON GERMANY THE TERMS
The Treaty was designed to cripple Germany militarily, territorially and economically
REVENGE ON GERMANY
WAR GUILT CLAUSE
Germany had to accept blame for starting WW1
GERMANY’S MILITARY FORCES REDUCED
NO UNION WITH AUSTRIA
- Army restricted to 100,000 men.
- No modern weapons such as tanks, military air force.
- Navy could not have battle ships over 10,000 tons and no U-Boats.
THE TERMS
OF THE TREATY OF
VERSAILLES
1919
REPARATIONS
Germany forced to pay massive fine for war damages - 1,000,000,000 Marks (6.6bn pounds).
GERMAN OVERSEAS TERRITORRIES
RHINELAND TO BE DE-MILITARISED
Germany lost Chinese ports, Pacific Islands, and African colonies
GERMAN NATIONAL TERRITORY
Germany lost national territory which was given to Belgium and Denmark, most went to Poland.
Alsace-Lorraine returned to the French

12. The map of Europe was redrawn
The Great War was to see the collapse of four continental empires. These were to be replaced by new nation states.