1. Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
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Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

2. Thing 1: What is photosynthesis?
Photosynthesis is the process plants and some other organisms use to make glucose and oxygen out of carbon dioxide and water.

3. 6CO2 + 6H2O  C6H12O6 + 6O2 Photosynthesis is the reason we have oxygen in our air.
Carbon dioxide water  glucose oxygen

4. Thing 2: Photosynthesis requires energy from light
Building one big molecule of glucose from six small molecules of CO2 takes energy.
That energy comes from light.

5. Thing 3: Photosynthesis happens in chloroplasts

6. Thing 4: Leaves Leaves act as flat solar panels to collect sunlight.
Stomata (singular: stoma) are openings on the backside of a leaf that let O2 and H2O out, and let CO2 in.

8. Thing 5: What is cellular respiration?
Cellular respiration is the process of breaking down food molecules to get usable energy.
Oxygen is used to break glucose down into carbon dioxide and water.
Energy is released when glucose is broken down.

9. C6H12O6 + 6O2  6CO2 + 6H2O

10. Thing 6: Respiration happens in mitochondria

11. Thing 7: The energy released by breaking down glucose is used to make ATP.
ATP is the main energy-storing molecule in cells.
Most energy-requiring processes in cells (active transport, muscle contraction) get energy from ATP.

12. Thing 8: ADP and ATP
When ATP is used for energy it breaks down into ADP + P
ATP  ADP + P + energy
The process is reversed to make ATP
ADP + P + energy  ATP
The energy needed to make ATP from ADP and P comes from cellular respiration (Thing 7)

13. Thing 9: Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are opposite processes.
The starting materials for photosynthesis are the products of cellular respiration.
The starting materials for cellular respiration are the products of photosynthesis.

15. Photosynthesis:
6CO2 + 6H2O + energy  C6H12O6 + 6O2
Cellular respiration:
C6H12O6 + 6O2  6CO2 + 6H2O + energy
In photosynthesis, the energy comes from light and is used to make glucose.
In cellular respiration, the energy comes from breaking down glucose, and is used to make ATP.

16. Thing 10: Who does what?
Plants do BOTH photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
Plant cells have chloroplasts and mitochondria.
Animals do cellular respiration only.
Animal cells have mitochondria, not chloroplasts.