1. Structure of metals Metals exhibit different properties
Malleable, ductile and bear high temperatures
Why they are like this it can be answered by studying their structures
Structure greatly influence their properties and
Understanding structure allows us to understand properties
In addition to this various other factors affect properties that are impurities , grain size and methods by which metals or alloys are made into useful products

2. Ladle and molds

3. Different metallic structures
When in a furnace the metals are melted they are put into molds in molten state and are cooled ,upon cooling atoms of these metals arrange themselves in a regular repeating pattern

4. Crystalline structures
When metals solidify from a molten state the atoms arrange themselves into various orderly configuration called crystals
This arrangement of atoms in the crystal is called crystalline structure
The smallest group of atoms showing the characteristic lattice(arrangement of material in a geometric pattern) structure of a particular metal is unit cell .it is building block of a crystal and a single crystal can have many unit cells

5. Amorphous structure
These are those structures in which there is no orderly manner of atoms in a unit cells

6. Metallic crystal structure
Metallic bonding is non directional in nature so there is minimal restriction to the number and position of nearest neighbor atoms this leads to large no. of neighboring atoms and a dense packing

7. Three simple crystal structures
Three relatively simple crystal structures are found for most of the common metals
face centered cubic (FCC)
2.body centered cubic (BCC)
3.Hexagonal closed pack (HCP)

8. Face centered cubic structure
A crystal structure
in which atoms
are located at each
of the corners and
centers of all the
cube faces is
called FCC structure
Like Fe,Al,Cu,Ni,Pb,
Ag,Hg

9. Basic Geometry for FCC

10. FCC Stacking A B C

11. Coordination number Number of nearest neighbors or touching atoms
For FCC structures this number is 12 look back at figure

12. Body centered cubic

13. HCP Stacking A B A
Layer A