1. Properties of Water

2. Balloon Activity
There is a Balloon at every sink. Have someone inflate it and tie it off.
Turn the water on as a very thin stream. Rub the balloon on someone’s head and hold it near (but not touching) the thin stream of water.
Look closely. What happens?

3. Water is Polar Oxygen has a partial (-) charge
Hydrogen has a partial (+) charge
Oxygen has a high attraction to Hydrogen’s valence electrons
Causes water to be POLAR, like a magnet

4. Covalent Bond vs. Hydrogen Bond
VIDEO
Covalent Bond

5. How do water molecules bond to each other?
Try bonding with your classmates.

6. Polarity of Solvents LIKE Dissolves LIKE
Solvents dissolve LIKE substances
For instance, POLAR solvents (like water) dissolve only POLAR or IONIC substances
In addition, NON-POLAR substances (like acetone) dissolve only NON-POLAR substances.
LIKE Dissolves LIKE
Why do you think this Oil won’t dissolve in water?

7. Quick Write for 2 minutes:
What did you observe? 1

8. Water is Less Dense as a Solid
Water in a liquid state keeps rebonding and changing its shape
Water in a solid states has a fixed shape (crystalline lattice) with space in between making it less dense
VIDEO 1

9. Properties of Water High Heat of Vaporization Polarity Cohesion
High Heat of Fusion
Less Dense as a Solid
Universal Solvent
Disassociation
Polarity
Cohesion
Surface Tension
Adhesion
Capillary Action
High Specific Heat 1

10. Cohesion
Water molecules attracted to each other creating surface tension 1

11. Adhesion
Water molecules are attracted to other substances such as glass, soil, and plant tissues 1

12. Capillary Action Ability of water to “climb” up against gravity
Results from Cohesion + Adhesion
EX: Water moving up the roots to the top of the tree 1

13. Space Video

14. Water is Less Dense as a Solid
Water in a liquid state keeps rebonding and changing its shape
Water in a solid states has a fixed shape with space in between making it less dense 1

15. Quick Write – 2 minutes
If ice were more dense than liquid water, how would this impact the survival of marine life?

16. Surface Tension
The tightness across the surface of water caused by adhesion
Makes the surface act like a solid 1

17. High Specific Heat
Amount of heat (energy) required to raise the temperature of water by 1⁰ C
Example:
WATER = 75°F
BEACH = 110°F 1

18. High Specific Heat
When hydrogen bonds break they absorb a lot of (heat) energy, leaving the water molecules behind cooler.

19. Balloon Video

20. Universal Solvent
Water is called the universal solvent because it dissolves more substances than any other liquid
Water dissolves polar substances and ionic compounds due to its polarity. 1

21. Rate of Dissolving
The rate of dissolving is how quickly a solute can be dissolved by water.
The rate of dissolving can be increased by:
Increasing the surface area of the solute (crushing)
Agitating (or stirring) the mixture
Increasing the temperature of the solvent