1. THE GREAT WAR, LENIN AND COMMUNISM
UNIT IV
THE GREAT WAR, LENIN AND COMMUNISM

2. THE RUSSO-JAPANESE WAR
TRANS SIBERIAN RAILWAY

3. LESSON 1 The Russo-Japanese Rivalry 1891-1903
1. Causes military buildup by both sides.
2. 11 Million settlers move in by 1914.
3. Balance of power in the East is in crisis.
B. Britain and Germany have aided the Japanese military.
C. T.R. has convinced the Japanese that they could be secret allies and create a friendly empire. He doesn’t want the Russians violating the Monroe Doctrine.

4. LESSON 1 The Russo-Japanese Rivalry (cont’d) D. Relations before 1900:
1. Russia had traded with Japan since1855.
2. Disputes rose over the Sakhalin Islands.
3. Also over the Kurile Islands
4. Japan attacked China and took land from them.
5. Russia forced Japan to give some back, the Japanese didn’t like this.
6. The Chinese then lease the same land (Port Arthur) to the Russians as a base in 1897.
7. The Japanese notice that the Russians have taken over Mukden and parts of Manchuria and no one does anything about it. (Double-Standard!)

5. THE FAR EAST E. The Outbreak of War 1904-1905 1. 2. 3.
4. February 10, 1904 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

6. JAPAN ATTACKS PORT ARTHUR
Foreshadowing Pearl Harbor

7. TSUSHIMA May 28, 1905

8. BATTLE OF MUKDEN

9. Russian Losses

10. TEDDY MAKES PEACE TREATY OF PORTSMOUTH F. Aftershocks of the War 1. 2.3. 4.

11. Sunday January 22, 1905 Bloody Sunday II. The Revolution of 1905
Causes:
1. Casualties from bad leadership
2. Food Shortages at home
3. Economic Collapse
4. The Czar’s Indifference
B. Nicholas’s Dilemma
1. The country is paralyzed
2. The Czar wants no change
3. The “Constitution.”
C. “Bloody Sunday”
1. Nervous troops fire on the crowd
2. Shot carrying pictures of the Czar and Jesus.
D. The One Year Revolt
1. Mass strikes by Social Revolutionaries
2. Farmer uprisings
3. Terrorism
5. Part of the Army mutinies.
E. The “Soviets” are created.
Bloody Sunday
FATHER GAPON

12. LESSON 1 III. THE UNEASY COMPROMISE: 1905-1914
A. The October Manifesto
1. The guarantee of personal liberty
2. The creation of the Duma
B. Leon Trotsky leads the St Petersburg Soviet.
C. The Czarina begins to be influenced by the monk Rasputin
D. The Czar wishes to undo everything as soon as things quiet down.
E. Summer 1906 He creates the position of Prime Minister (Alexander Stolypin)
F He executes 4,000 people stamping out revolution.
G. September 14, 1911 he is shot dead in public (fashionable restaurant)
H. The Czar keeps the Duma ineffective until war breaks out in 1914.
As war neared, the alliance system Russia had set up
meant that England and France would keep Germany away from Russia
J. No one counted on Serbia starting the war. They had only one ally-Russia.
Stolypin

14. Lesson 1 IV. Russia and the Great War: A. The front was un-defendable.
B. Technically Russia had the largest military.
C. As the war begins, workers are still striking. Road and rail are still the poorest in Europe.
1. Two massive Russian armies begin an invasion of East Prussia.
2. At the Battle of Tannenberg, one pincer is destroyed.
: 6 million in uniform but not enough rifles.
4. Russia captures part of Austria in the south.

15. Lesson 1 IV. Russia and the Great War (cont’d)
D.1915: 2 million in losses
E.1916: 1 million in losses
F. 1917: 13 March, the Czar is asked to abdicate.
1. 15 March provisional government under Llvov.
2. 2 May Alexander Kerensky Min. of War.
3. 25 September General Kornilov put in charge.
4. Kerensky calls on the Blosheviks to save the government.
5. 25 October The Bolsheviks and Red Guards take over Petrograd (St Petersburg)
6. The Red Guards storm the winter palace and Lenin takes charge.

16. Lesson 1 IV. Russia and the Great War: (cont’d)
G. 3 March, 1918: Lenin announces an armistice with the Germans.
H. The Russians surrender in Finland, Ukraine, the Baltic states and Poland.
I. Almost 15 million served in the war, 1.8 million killed, 2.8 million wounded, 2.4 million prisoner.

17. Same person