1. k|:t'tstf{ s[i0f axfb'/ /fpt
ax':t/Lo zf;g / g]kfn
k|:t'tstf{
s[i0f axfb'/ /fpt
2/23/2019

2. Zff;gsf] cjwf/0ff
“Act of Governing or Manner of Governing”
“Rule of the rulers typically within given set of rules”
zflAbs ?kdf zf;g eGgfn] /fHo k|0ffnL / ;fwg>f]tsf] kl/rfng / dfu{bz{g ug'{ eGg] a'lemG5 .
;/sf/n] /fHo ;~rfngsf] qmddf ckgfpg] ljlw, k|lqmof, dfkb08 tyf sfo{z}nLsf] ;du|tfnfO{ zf;g elgG5 .
/fHo;Fu /x]sf] eozlQmsf] k|of]u ug]{ z}nL g} zf;g xf] .
;fj{hlgs jftfj/0fdf ul/g] ;fj{hlgs ;|f]tx?sf] kl/rfng, ;fj{hlgs dfldnfx?sf] Joj:yfkg / /fHosf] lxt k|a4{g ug{ ul/g] ljljw lqmofsnfkx?sf] ;du| k|0ffnLnfO{ zf;g elgG5 .
2/23/2019

3. ax':t/Lo Zff;g
ax':t/Lo zf;g /fhgLltzf:q / ;fj{hlgs k|zf;gsf] Pp6f gaLg l;4fGt xf] h'g EU sf] Dofl:6«r ;lGwsf] cWoogaf6 lgsflnPsf] xf] .
o;sf k|ltkfbssf ?kdf Liesbet Hooghe / Gary Marks nfO{ dflgG5 .
ax':t/Lo zf;gn] df}nfpb} uPsf] ljZj /fhgLlt / zf;g k4ltdf cg]s t/ Pscsf{df cGt/lge{/ zlQmx?sf] cl:tTj 5 eGg] s'/fsf] cg'e"lt u/fpF5 .
o;n] cf}krfl/s ;+:yfx? / k/Dk/fut ;/sf/ jf /fHoaf6 ul/g] gLlt lgdf{0feGbf aflx/ / a9L ;f]R5 .
o;n] lg0f{o k|lqmof ca :yfgLo txb]lv ljZjJofkL ePsf] ts{ cuf8L ;f5{ .
2/23/2019

4. ax':t/Lo Zff;g
Multi-level governance gives expression to the idea that there are many interacting authority structures at work in the emergent global political economy.
It emphasizes the dispersion of decision making from the local to the global level.
It is as a system of continuous negotiation among nested governments at several territorial tiers and described how supranational, national, regional and local governments are enmeshed in territorially overarching policy networks.
Complex interactions between governmental actors and the increasingly important dimension of non-state actors.
Reallocation of authority upwards, downwards, and sideways from central states. So it has vertical and horizontal dimensions.
It is ongoing and dynamic process.
2/23/2019

5. cgf}krfl/s Zff;g
/fHosf] zf;g k|lqmofdf k|ToIf ?kdf ;xefuL geO{ k|ToIf ?kdf zf;gsf] sfo{ef/ g;DxfnL ck|ToIf ?kdf d'n'ssf] zf;g ;~rfngdf k|efj kfg]{ sfd g} cgf}krfl/s zf;g xf] .
cgf}krfl/s zf;gnfO{ # lsl;daf6 juL{s/0f ug{ ;lsG5 M
s_ cGt/f{li6«o txsf] cgf}krfl/s zf;g
v_ /fli6«o txsf] cgf}krfl/s zf;g
u_ :yfgLo txsf] cgf}krfl/s zf;g
2/23/2019

6. Gfful/s ;dfhsf] Zff;g
k|m]8l/s x]u]nn] gful/s ;dfh kl/jf/ / /fHoeGbf km/s cl:tTj ePsf] ;d"x xf] egL kl/efiff u/]sf lyP .
/fHosf gful/sx?sf] xslxtsf] ;+/If0f / cj;/sf nflu ;+ul7t :jo+;]jL ;d"x g} gful/s ;dfh xf] .
Gfful/s ;dfhsf] pkl:yltn] ;/sf/n] c;+j}wflgs / u}/Goflos sfo{x? ug{ kfpb}g .
o;n] ubf{ sfg'gL /fHon] k|>o kfpF5 .
bafad"ns gful/s ;dfhsf] :yfkgf / kl/rfngn] ;[lht zf;g Joj:yfnfO{ gful/s ;dfhsf] zf;g elgG5 .
2/23/2019

7. :yfgLo zf;g
:yfgLo zf;g ;/sf/sf] Pp6f k|0ffnL xf] h;n] :yfgLo hgtfx?sf] cfjZostfnfO{ :yfgLo txd} ;Daf]wg ug]{ k|of; ub{5 .
ljs]lGb|s/0fsf] dfWodaf6 hgtfn] cfly{s, ;fdflhs, /fhgLlts, ;f+:s[lts eflifs k|of]u, ;+/If0f / ljsf;sf nflu cfkm"nfO{ ;lqmo ?kdf ;xeflutf u/fpFb} nf]stGqsf nfe / ljsf;sf k|ltkmnx? k|fKt ug]{ dfWod g} :yfgLo zf;g xf] .
o;sf] dxTj tyf cfjZostf M != nf]stGqsf] k|a4{g ;fj{hlgs ;]jf k|jfx ug{ #= hg;xeflutf clea[l4 ug{ $= ;|f]t kl/rfng ug{ %= lbuf] ljsf; / ;zlQms/0f ug{ ^= /fHo / hgtfaLr k"nsf] sfd ug{ &= ljjfb lg?k0f ug{ *= gLlt of]hgf tyf sfo{qmd to u/L sfof{Gjog ug{ .
xfn ef]Ug'k/]sf ;d:ofx? M != ;+Vof / ;+/rgf pko'Qm bIftf ljsf; ug{ g;Sg' #= cfGtl/s ;|f]t kl/rfng cToGt sd $= lgjf{lrt k|ltlglw ljlxgtf %= ljQLo clgoldttf a9\g' ^= :yfgLo ;]jf cfof]usf] u7g gx'g' &= w]/} sfg'gx?;Fu :yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g P]g aflemgfn] sfof{Gjogdf ;d:of .
2/23/2019

8. ;xsfl/tfd"ns Zff;g
5l/P/ /x]sf] 1fg, ;Lk / k"FhLnfO{ Pslqt u/L ;dfg p2]Zo, cfjZostf / cfsf+Iff ePsf JolQmx? Ps cfk;df ldnL ;xsf/L P]g lgod jdf]lhd :yflkt ;+:yfnfO{ ;xsf/L ;+:yf elgG5 .
ljZjdf ;xsf/Lsf] cjwf/0ff ;g\ !*$$df a]nfotsf /f]j6{ cf]j]gn] NofPsf x'g\ . g]kfndf klg ;fnb]lv o;sf] yfngL ePsf] kfOG5 .
o;sf :j;xof]u, :jpQ/bfloTj, k|hftGq, ;dfgtf Pj+ ;dtf / P]Soa4tf h:tf cfwf/e"t d"Nox? /x]sf 5g\ .
g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgn] ;xsf/L, ;/sf/L / lghL If]qsf] ldl>t cy{Joj:yfnfO{ /fHosf cfly{s gLltsf ?kdf kl/eflift ul/Psf] 5 eg] g]kfn ;/sf/n] tLg vDa] cy{ gLlt ckgfPsf] -;/sf/L, lghL / ;xsf/L_ 5 .
g]kfndf xfn sl/a #) xhf/ ;xsf/L ;+:yf btf{ ePsf 5g\ eg] caf}{sf] art kl/rfng ;d]t ul//x]sf 5g\ .
2/23/2019

9. Joj;flos Zff;g
Joj;flos ;+:yfx? ;~rfngfy{ agfOPsf P]g, lgod, lgb]{lzsf, ljlgod cflbsf] ;dli6 g} Jofj;flos zf;g xf] .
;g\ !(() sf] bzsb]lv o;df hf]8 lbg yflnPsf] 5 .
Joj;flos zf;g x'g v'nf / pbf/ cy{ Joj:yf, Joj;flos cfr/0fx?sf] ljsf;, Joj;fo ;~rfngsf nflu sfg'gL tyf gLltut Joj:yfx?, Joj;flos ;'/Iff cflb x'g'k5{ .
Jofj;flos zf;gsf l;4fGtx? M z]o/xf]N8/x?sf] clwsf/ / ;dfg Jojxf/, cGo ;/f]sf/jfnfk|ltsf] st{Jo, af]8{sf] e"ldsf / lhDd]jf/L, g}lts Jojxf/, v'nfkg / kf/blz{tf .
g]kfndf Jofj;flos If]qsf sdhf]/Lx? M Joj;flos ;+:s[ltsf] sdL, bIf hgzlQmsf] sdL, sdhf]/ >d ;DaGw, kl/jf/jfb, nufgLsf] plrt jftfj/0f gag]sf] .
2/23/2019

10. ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3
;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3sf] :yfkgf ;g\ !($% df ePsf] xf] .
o;sf p2]Zox? M != dfgj hfltnfO{ o'4sf] k|sf]kaf6 df}lns xs tyf dfgj clwsf/k|lt ;Ddfgsf] efj ljsf; ug'{, #= ;b:o /fi6«x?aLr d}qLk"0f{ ;DaGw ljsl;t ug]{, $= zflGt ;'/Iff sfod /fVg', %= cGt/f{li6«o ;d:ofx?sf] ;dfwfgdf cGt/f{li6«o ;xof]unfO{ k|f]T;flxt ug'{, cflb .
;+o'Qm /fi6 ;+3sf cËx? M
!= dxf;ef -General Assembly_ M Joj:yflksf ;efsf] sfd ug]{, ;b:o /fi6«af6 %.% hgf k|ltlglw /xg] t/ ! dt dfq xfNg ;lsg] . dxf;lrjsf] lgo'lQm, cGt/f{li6«o cbfntsf !% hgf Gofolwzsf] lgo'lQm, ;'/Iff kl/ifb\sf !) hgf c:yfoL ;b:ox?sf] lgo'lQm, cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs kl/ifb\sf %$ ;b:ox?sf] lgo'lQm ah]6 kfl/t ug]{ sfd ub{5 .
2/23/2019

11. ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3
@= ;'/Iff kl/ifb\ -Security Council_ M !% ;b:o x'g] -% :yfoL / !) c:yfoL_
– cGt/f{li6«o ljjfbx?sf] zflGtk"0f{ ;dfwfg ug'{,
– cGt/f{li6«o If]qdf zflGt sfod /fVg’,
#= cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs kl/ifb\ -Economic and Social Council _ M * cfof]u / !^ ljlzli6s[t ;+:yfx? o; cGtu{t /x]sf .
$= lhDdf hdfgL kl/ifb\ -Trusteeship Council _M != cGo /fi6«x?sf] pklgj]zdf /x]sf /fi6«x?nfO{ :jtGqtf lbnfpg k|oTg c;Ifd /fi6«x?nfO{ cfkm}+ zf;g ;~rfng ug{ ;Ifd agfpg ;xof]u ug'{ .
%= cGt/f{li6«o cbfnt
^= ;lrjfno
2/23/2019

12. g]kfnsf] zf;g k|0ffnL
P]ltxfl;s sfnv08sf] zf;g k|0ffnL -/fhtGqfTds zf;g k|0ffnL _
dWosfnsf] zf;g k|0ffnL -/fhtGqfTds t/ ;fgf ;fgf 6'qm] /fHox? /x]sf, s/ p7fpg] k|rng klg /x]sf]_
cfw'lgs sfnsf] zf;g k|0ffnL -/fhtGqfTds t/ slxn] gfoaL /xg], slxn] hxfgLo slxn] ef/bf/x?n] ;~rfng ug]{ cj:yf t/ /fHo PsLs/0f kZrft\ s]lGb|s[t zf;g k|0ffnL canDag ;fn kl5 ;Dd k~rfotL zf;g b]lv ax'bnLo k|hftflGqs Joj:yf, ;+j}wflgs /fhtGq, Goflos :jtGqtf, ljlwsf] zf;g, dfgj clwsf/, k|]z :jtGqtf cflb sf] cfGbf]ng kZrft\ /fhtGqsf] cGTo, ;+3Lo nf]stflGqs u0ftGqsf] 3f]if0ff eO{ xfn sfof{Gjogsf] qmddf /x]sf] .
2/23/2019