1. Periodization in Training and Conditioning
Traditional seasons no longer exist for serious athletes
Periodization
Achieve peak performance
Decrease injuries and overtraining
Program that spans various seasons
Modify program relative to athlete’s needs

2. Macrocycle Complete training cycle
Seasonal approach based on preseason, in-season, and off-season
Changes in intensity, volume, specificity of training occur in order to achieve peak levels of fitness for competition
Broken into mesocycles (lasting weeks or months)

3. Mesocycles Transition period: Preparatory period:
Follows last competition (early off-season)
Unstructured (escape rigors of training)
Preparatory period:
Off-season
Hypertropy/endurance phase (Low intensity with high volume)
Allows for development of endurance base
Lasts several weeks to 2 months
Strength Phase
Power Phase (High intensity/ pre-season)

4. Preparatory period (continued)
Strength Phase
Intensity and volume increase to moderate levels
Power Phase (High intensity/ pre-season)
Volume is decreased to allow adequate recovery
Competition period:
May last a week or several months for seasonal sports
High intensity, low volume, skill training sessions
May incorporate microcycles (1-7 days)
Designed to ensure peak on days of competition

5. Cross Training
Training for a sport with substitutions of alternative activities (carryover value)
Useful in transition and preparatory periods
Variety to training regimen
Should be discontinued prior to preseason as it is not sport-specific