1. CHAPTER 8 VOCAB

2. Type of cell division used by organisms to grow bigger, repair injuries, and replace worn out cells.
Condition in which a cell has grown so large its DNA is unable to keep up with the demand for information
mitosis
DNA Overload

3. 2 identical arms that make up a chromosome
chromatids
2 matching chromosomes that are the
same size, same shape, and carry genes
for the same traits.
HOMOLOGOUS

4. Molecules that control the cell
cyclins
Spot in the center of a chromosome
that holds the chromatid arms together
centromere

5. Pinched in place in an animal cell membrane during cytokinesis
Phase of mitosis in which two nuclei are visible, the nucleus returns, spindle fibers disappear, and DNA spreads out as chromatin
telophase
Pinched in place in an animal cell membrane during cytokinesis
Cleavage furrow

6. Type of division used by bacteria to reproduce
Type of nuclear division that produces 2 daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell
mitosis
Type of division used by bacteria to reproduce
Binary fission

7. Phase in which the cytoplasm is split between the 2 daughter cells
cytokinesis
1st phase of mitosis in which the nucleus disappears and centrioles and spindle fibers appear.
prophase

8. Repeating sequence of events that
Disease in which body cells lose their ability to control cell division
cancer
Repeating sequence of events that
cells go through during their lifetime
Cell cycle

9. Phase in which the nucleus divides
mitosis
Phase in which cells grow and mature and where they spend most of their
life G1

10. Substance that causes cancer
Area next to the nucleus in which the centrioles are found that organizes the formation of the spindle
centrosomes
Substance that causes cancer
carcinogen

11. Phase in which the chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell
metaphase
Phase in which cells make the molecules and organelles needed for cell division G2

12. Phase in which the DNA is copied
S or SYNTHESIS
Phase in which cells leave the cycle
and stop dividing all together G0

13. Phase in which chromatids separate and move to opposite ends of the cell
anaphase
Fibers made of microtubules which pull the chromosomes apart during cell division
Spindle fibers

14. DNA that is spread out in the nucleus of a non-dividing cell
Dividing wall that forms during cytokinesis in a plant cell to separate the 2 daughter cells
Cell plate
DNA that is spread out in the nucleus of a non-dividing cell
chromatin

15. DNA that is scrunched up into bundles in a dividing cell
chromosomes
Dark spot in the nucleus of a cell that makes ribosomes
nucleolus