1. Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration Movement Across the Membrane
Unit 5 Cell Processes
Photosynthesis
Cellular Respiration
Movement Across the Membrane

2. HETEROTROPHS
Organisms that obtain energy from the foods they consume are called heterotrophs. They cannot make the own food

3. AUTOTROPHS
Organisms that make the own food are autotrophs (plants, algae, bacteria)
Plants and some other types of organisms are able to use the light energy from the sun to produce food.
What is the name of the process by which plants make their own food?

4. PHOTOSYNTHESIS

5. Photosynthesis
The process that coverts inorganic substances, CO2 and H2O, using the sun’s energy into an organic substance called glucose, C6H12O6 and an inorganic substances O2 and water vapor.
Photosynthesis occurs in the CHLOROPLASTS of the plant cell.

6. Chlorophyll – plants principal pigment that absorbs sunlight

7. PHOTOSYNTHESIS EQUATION

8. Regulation (Homeostasis) inside the Leaf

13. FACTORS THAT EFFECT PHOTOSYNTHESIS
AMOUNT OF WATER
TEMPERATURE
INTENISTY OF LIGHT

14. Cellular Respiration Define cellular respiration
A process that releases energy by breaking down food molecules in the presence of oxygen
Both plant and animal cells must undergo cellular respiration
Process occurs in the mitochondria

15. Chemical Equation for Cellular Respiration
The equation is the opposite of photosynthesis.

17. CHEMICAL ENERGY AND ATP
The activities of the cell are powered by chemical fuels. One of the principal chemical compounds that living things use to store energy is Adenosine Triphosphate – ATP.

18. ATP One glucose molecule breaks down into about 36 ATP molecules
ATP is a fully charged battery, ready to power the machinery of the cell.

19. Energy
Cells use energy for
Active transport
Movement within the cell

20. Transport Across the Cell membrane

21. Cell Membrane Regulates what enters and exits the cell
Provides protection and support
Semi-permeable – allows small substances through and keeps larger substances out
Cell Membrane is made of lipids and proteins

22. Two Types of Movement Across the Cell Membrane
Passive transport
Active transport
Diffusion – substance moving from an area of high concentration to area of low concentration
Concentration means the amount of substance in a given area
No Energy required by the cell for this movement
Osmosis- diffusion of water
Substance moving from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration
Requires energy from the cell for this movement

23. Two types of Movement

24. Diffusion over time

25. Diffusion to try at home

26. Osmosis – Diffusion of Water

27. Effect of Osmosis
Water will move in the direction where there is a high concentration of solute (low concentration of water)
Solute - A substance dissolved in another substance
Salt sucks- Salt is a solute, when it is concentrated in or out of the cell, it will draw water in its direction. This is why you get thirsty after eating something salty.

29. The Effects of Osmosis

30. ISOTONIC
If the concentration of solute is equal on both sides, the water will move back in forth but it won’t have any result on the overall amount of water on either side.

31. HYPOTONIC
If the concentration of solute is higher inside the cell, the water will move into the cell.
The cell will expand and possible burst in an animal cell
The cell wall protects cell from bursting.

32. HYPERTONIC
If the concentration of solute is higher outside the cell, the water will move out of cell.
The cell will shrink.

35. Review of Transport