1. Earthquake and Tsunami Program Governor’s Office of Emergency Services
The TriNet Project:
James D. Goltz Ph.D.
Earthquake and Tsunami Program
Governor’s Office of Emergency Services
May 26, 2006

2. What was TriNet?
TriNet was a collaboration between Caltech, USGS and CDMG (now CGS)
Build a state-of-the-art digital seismic network in southern California
Goals:
Improve our understanding of earthquakes
Improve building codes and structural design
Facilitate emergency response
CISN is an effort to extend TriNet statewide

3. Why was TriNet Needed?
Southern California Seismic Network (SCSN) was in need of upgrading
The SCSN performed poorly during the Northridge earthquake of January 17, 1994
There was pressure from those dependent on the network for response information
FEMA’s Hazard Mitigation Grant Program provided a potential vehicle for implementation

4. Network Upgrades Under TriNet
Station installation (new installation or upgrade of 600 stations in Southern CA)
Data communications (real-time telemetry)
Software development
Information distribution & archiving
Knowledge and technology transfer (Outreach)
Consider feasibility of early alert system
Compile data useful for building codes

5. TriNet Products
Accurate, Reliable and Rapidly Available Source Data (e.g. magnitude, location, depth, focal mechanism)
ShakeMap (mapped ground motion)
ShakeMap/HAZUS Interface
Groundwork for Earthquake Early Warning

6. Near Real-Time Notification
New network made accurate, reliable and timely notifications possible for small and large EQs
Developed new software to replace CUBE/REDI technology
Under TriNet, groundwork established for “CISN” Display
CISN Display is an Internet based real-time EQ notification technology and gateway to other rapidly available EQ information

7. CISN Display

8. Product Links

9. Earthquake Information via Pager

10. ShakeMap One of TriNet’s first products First map produced 3-17-97
Displays the distribution of ground shaking
Shows intensity, velocity, acceleration
Maps available on the Internet
Very rapid availability, within 5 minutes
Maps generated for events  M3.5
Can be used to generate scenarios for exercises

11. ShakeMap for Large Event: Hector Mine Earthquake of 10-16-99, M7.1

12. ShakeMap for Small Event, Near Petrolia 3-25-06, M4.6

13. TriNet ShakeMap for TV Currently Available Very Simple Format
TV News Gave Input
Move Beyond Epicenter
Avoid Confusion Between Magnitude and Intensity

14. HAZUS Multi-Hazard

15. Loss Estimation Outputs
Shaking intensity by census tract or zip code
Casualties (Deaths and Injuries)
Displaced individuals or households
Building damage/losses
Lifeline damage/losses
Critical facility Impacts
Debris generated

16. TriNet Earthquake Early Warning
One of TriNet’s Goals: develop a pilot earthquake early warning project in southern CA
New network was designed to facilitate incorporation of early warning
Studies carried out on two levels:
Scientific and engineering technical feasibility explored
Sociological and public policy implications examined
Progress made under TriNet but not pilot project originally envisioned

17. Social Scientific and Public Policy Studies
Literature review for a comprehensive assessment of warning systems for natural hazards and behavioral response to warnings (DRC, University of Delaware)
Survey of organizations likely to become the users of an earthquake early warning system (SRC and School of Public Health, UCLA)
Policy study to consider costs and benefits, legal liabilities, organization and management of an early warning system (EQE International)
Outline of a pilot project to introduce early warning in southern California (EQE International)

18. Post-TriNet Status CISN succeeded TriNet with several objectives:
Maintain Dense “TriNet” Southern California Network
Expand Northern California/Bay Region Network
Expand Northern and Central California Rural Coverage
Provide Redundant Processing and Communication
Carry Out a Program of Outreach and Technology Transfer
Carry on Development of an Early Warning Capability
CISN operates with oversight from 5 participating institutions: CA OES, USGS, CGS, Caltech and UCB

19. Post-TriNet Status of Early Warning
The pilot project envisioned under TriNet was not initiated:
Policy analysis revealed potential legal liabilities for involvement of Caltech (or other private sector entities) in providing warnings
There remained scientific and engineering work to be done in the rapid analysis of an evolving earthquake sequence
A consensus failed to emerge regarding the division of labor among agencies likely to be involved
Some but not all of these issues have been addressed since TriNet concluded