1. Agenda objectives Bell Ringer (10)-HW Quiz-
You can use your hw on the quiz
DNA Discoveries Notes (15)
DNA Structure Notes (20)
DNA Structure Coloring (15)
DNA & RNA KS part 2 (10)
Closure (5)
HOMEWORK:
Ch. 12 DNA & RNA questions
#19-38 due Friday 2/15,16
objectives
Investigate and understand common mechanisms of inheritance and protein synthesis.
Understand the structure of DNA and how it relays genetic information.

2. #5 Bell ringer 2/24 Nucleotide DNA or RNA
What is the monomer (building blocks) of nucleic acids?
What is an example of a nucleic acid?
Nucleotide
DNA or RNA

3. Agenda objectives Bell Ringer (10) DNA Discoveries Notes (15)
DNA Structure Notes (20)
DNA Structure Coloring (15)
DNA & RNA KS part 2 (10)
Closure (5)
HOMEWORK:
Ch. 12 DNA & RNA Knowledge Sheet (gold)
#11-16 due Friday 2/26
Current Event #4 due Friday
objectives
Investigate and understand common mechanisms of inheritance and protein synthesis.
Understand the structure of DNA and how it relays genetic information.

4. Historical DNA Discoveries
1928
Frederick Griffith finds a substance in heat-killed bacteria that “transforms living bacteria
1944
Oswald Avery, Cloin MacLeod and Maclyn McCarty chemically identify Griffith’s transforming principle as DNA
1949
Erwin Chargaff reports relationships among DNA bases that provide a clue to the structure of DNA
1953
Alfred Hersey and Martha Chase demonstrate that DNA , not protein, is involved in viral reproduction.
Rosalind Franklin produces an x-ray diffraction image of DNA

5. Historical DNA Discoveries
1953
James Watson and Francis Crick propose a model of the structure of DNA.
1958
Matthew Meselson and Franklin Stahl demonstrate that DNA replication is semi conservative replication
1962
James Watson, Francis Crick and Maurice Wilkins are awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine for discoveries about the molecular structure of nucleic acids.
1969
- Alfred Hershey is awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine for discovering the replication mechanism and genetic structure of viruses

6. Griffith Experiment
The Griffith experiment, conducted in 1928, was one of the first experiments suggesting that bacteria are capable of transferring genetic information through a process known as transformation.

7. Hershey Chase Experiment
Hershey and Chase conduced an experiment using viral DNA to show that the DNA was the genetic material being inserted into the bacteria and used to replicate more viruses.

8. Agenda objectives HOMEWORK:
Bell Ringer (10)-HW Quiz-turn in Project ideas
Happy Valentines Day, lets
Review the structure of the heart!
DNA Discovery and Structure
Notes
Extraction Lab or structure coloring
Closure (5)
HOMEWORK:
Ch. 12 DNA & RNA
#19-38 due 2/16, 17
objectives
Investigate and understand common mechanisms of inheritance and protein synthesis.
Understand the structure of DNA and how it relays genetic information.

9. Agenda objectives HOMEWORK:
Bell Ringer (10)-HW Quiz-turn in Project ideas
Happy Valentines Day, lets
Review the structure of the heart!
DNA Discovery and Structure
Notes
Extraction Lab or structure coloring
Closure (5)
HOMEWORK:
Ch. 12 DNA & RNA
#19-38 due 2/16, 17
objectives
Investigate and understand common mechanisms of inheritance and protein synthesis.
Understand the structure of DNA and how it relays genetic information.

10. Agenda objectives HOMEWORK:
Bell Ringer (10)-HW Quiz-turn in Project ideas
Happy Valentines Day, lets
Review the structure of the heart!
DNA Discovery and Structure
Notes
Extraction Lab or structure coloring
Closure (5)
HOMEWORK:
Ch. 12 DNA & RNA
#19-38 due 2/16, 17
objectives
Investigate and understand common mechanisms of inheritance and protein synthesis.
Understand the structure of DNA and how it relays genetic information.

11. DNA STRUCTURE

12. The Scientists Behind the Structure
James Watson and Francis Crick were first to determine the structure of DNA
Maurice Wilkins and Rosalind Franklin were using a technique called X-ray crystallography to study molecular structure
Franklin produced a picture of the DNA molecule using this technique 12

13. Franklin’s Contribution
(a) Rosalind Franklin
(b) Franklin’s X-ray diffraction
photograph of DNA
The X-ray images also enabled Watson to deduce the width of the helix and the spacing of the nitrogenous bases
The pattern in the photo suggested that the DNA molecule was made up of two strands, forming a double helix 13

14. Deoxyribonucleic Acid
DNA is an organic macromolecule known as a nucleic acid.
Nucleic Acids are composed of building blocks known as nucleotides.
Multiple DNA nucleotide subunits link together to form a single DNA strand.

15. DNA Nucleotides Nucleotides are composed of 3 parts: Phosphate Sugar
In DNA the sugar is called: deoxyribose
Nitrogenous Bases
Purines (Two Rings)
Adenine
Guanine
Pyrimidines (One Ring)
Thymine
Cytosine

16. Nitrogen Bases Purines
(adenine,
guanine)
Pyrimidines
(thymine,
cytosine)

17. DNA Nucleotides
Nucleotides are linked together by covalent phosphodiester bonds
Each phosphate attaches to the deoxyribose
Makes up the sugar-phosphate backbone (sides of ladder)

18. P DNA Nucleotide A, T, G, or C Deoxyribose Key: P = Phosphate group
Deoxyribose = Sugar
A, T, G, or C = Nitrogen Base

19. DNA Molecule
Each DNA molecule consists of two DNA strands that associate as a double helix
The two strands/chains run antiparallel

20. Base-Pairing Rules for DNA Chargaff Rules
The two DNA strands are joined together at the nitrogenous bases.
Holding the bases together, and allowing the formation of the double helix, are hydrogen bonds.

21. Chargaff’s Rules Adenine forms hydrogen bonds with thymine
Guanine forms hydrogen bonds with cytosine
These pairings are known as Chargaff’s rules
A – T (AppleTrees)
G – C (GoCarts)
Called complementary base pairing

22. Chargaff’s Rules

23. Agenda objectives Bell Ringer (10) DNA Discoveries Notes (15)
DNA Structure Notes (20)
DNA Structure Coloring (15)
DNA & RNA KS part 2 (10)
Closure (5)
HOMEWORK:
Ch. 12 DNA & RNA Knowledge Sheet (gold)
#11-16 due Friday 2/26
Current Event #4 due Friday
objectives
Investigate and understand common mechanisms of inheritance and protein synthesis.
Understand the structure of DNA and how it relays genetic information.

24. Color the structure based on the key you make with the terms on the left side.

25. Agenda objectives Bell Ringer (10) DNA Discoveries Notes (15)
DNA Structure Notes (20)
DNA Structure Coloring (15)
DNA & RNA KS part 2 (10)
Closure (5)
HOMEWORK:
Ch. 12 DNA & RNA Knowledge Sheet (gold)
#11-16 due Friday 2/26
Current Event #4 due Friday
objectives
Investigate and understand common mechanisms of inheritance and protein synthesis.
Understand the structure of DNA and how it relays genetic information.

26. #5 closure C-word(s) complementary Phosphate 5-Carbon Sugar
(Deoxyribose in DNA)
Nitrogenous Base
(Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine)
What are the 3 parts of a nucleotide?
C-word(s)
complementary

27. Agenda objectives HOMEWORK:
Ch. 12 DNA & RNA Knowledge Sheet (gold) Part 1
#11-16 due Friday 2/26
Current Event #4 due Friday
objectives
Investigate and understand common mechanisms of inheritance and protein synthesis.
Understand the structure of DNA and how it relays genetic information.