1. A Stronger Nation
National Empowerment

2. Independence is an important part of national empowerment
Independence is an important part of national empowerment. An independent nation is free to make its own decisions.

3. Canada was created in 1867, but it was not an independent nation
Canada was created in 1867, but it was not an independent nation. It was part of the British empire and under Great Britain’s control.

4. The Canadian government had the right to make decisions about everyday activities needed to run the country, but any decisions that might affect the empire had to be approved by the government of Britain. For example, Canada’s foreign policy was controlled by the British government.

5. Foreign policy is a set of ideas that affects all the decisions a country makes about its relationships with other countries, such as who its trading partners are and whether or not it should go to war. In many ways, foreign policy is key to a country’s independence.

6. In this unit, we will learn about the events of the early 20th century that got people all across Canada talking about the idea of independence. It was a big issue at the time, and there were many different opinions on the best plan of action. We will also find out why Canada and Newfoundland became involved in the First World War, and how the war affected people and governments.

7. A Stronger Nation In this unit we will…
Identify and describe events in the early 20th century that led Canada toward independence
Examine Canada’s and Newfoundland’s participation in the First World War
Explain the effects of the First World War on Canada and Newfoundland

8. Canada in the World
What events caused Canadians to start discussing the idea of greater independence from Great Britain?
Read pages
Discuss the Think It Through activity at the bottom of page 263.

9. Rethinking the Empire The root of imperialist is empire.
Nationalism is a strong feeling of pride in your country and a desire to make your country more empowered.
Read pages
Complete Think It Through activity (chart) on page 271.

10. Think It Through (p.271)
Event
Main Issue
Independence?

11. Think It Through (p.271) Event Main Issue Independence?
Britain asked Canada to send soldiers to the South African War. Canada did send some troops.
Should Canadians have risked their lives in a British war?

12. Think It Through (p.271) Event Main Issue Independence?
Britain asked Canada to send soldiers to the South African War. Canada did send some troops.
Should Canadians have risked their lives in a British war?
Participating in the South African War helped Canadians see themselves as a separate country. Also, Canadian soldiers earned the respect of the British. The event helped Canada to move toward greater independence.

13. Event Main Issue Independence?
Britain asked Canada to send soldiers to the South African War. Canada did send some troops.
Should Canadians have risked their lives in a British war?
Participating in the South African War helped Canadians see themselves as a separate country. Also, Canadian soldiers earned the respect of the British. The event helped Canada to move toward greater independence.
Canada and the United States had a disagreement over a border. Britain sided with the United States.
Should Britain have sided with Canada?

14. Event Main Issue Independence?
Britain asked Canada to send soldiers to the South African War. Canada did send some troops.
Should Canadians have risked their lives in a British war?
Participating in the South African War helped Canadians see themselves as a separate country. Also, Canadian soldiers earned the respect of the British. The event helped Canada to move toward greater independence.
Canada and the United States had a disagreement over a border. Britain sided with the United States.
Should Britain have sided with Canada?
Britain’s decision made more Canadians feel that Canada needed to be more independent of Britain.

15. Event Main Issue Independence?
Britain asked Canada to send soldiers to the South African War. Canada did send some troops.
Should Canadians have risked their lives in a British war?
Participating in the South African War helped Canadians see themselves as a separate country. Also, Canadian soldiers earned the respect of the British. The event helped Canada to move toward greater independence.
Canada and the United States had a disagreement over a border. Britain sided with the United States.
Should Britain have sided with Canada?
Britain’s decision made more Canadians feel that Canada needed to be more independent of Britain.
Britain asked Canada for money to help build warships. Canada bought some ships of its own.
Should Canada have spent money to help defend Britain?

16. Event Main Issue Independence?
Britain asked Canada to send soldiers to the South African War. Canada did send some troops.
Should Canadians have risked their lives in a British war?
Participating in the South African War helped Canadians see themselves as a separate country. Also, Canadian soldiers earned the respect of the British. The event helped Canada to move toward greater independence.
Canada and the United States had a disagreement over a border. Britain sided with the United States.
Should Britain have sided with Canada?
Britain’s decision made more Canadians feel that Canada needed to be more independent of Britain.
Britain asked Canada for money to help build warships. Canada bought some ships of its own.
Should Canada have spent money to help defend Britain?
Since the navy that Canada put together was so small, it didn’t help Canada become more independent or strengthen its ties to Britain.

17. Toward War
How and why were Canada and Newfoundland involved in the First World War?
Read pages 273 – 277
Complete Think It Through activity bottom of page 277.

18. First World War Cause and Effect Chain

19. Europe 1914

20. Canada and the Great War
Video

21. Regiments and Battalions
A Closer Look: Who Enlisted?
First Nations, Inuit, and Metis Volunteers
British-Canadian Volunteers
French-Canadian Volunteers
African-Canadian Volunteers
Volunteers from Newfoundland
Read pages
Complete Think It Through Activity
on bottom of page 281.