1. Volcanos
By: Karla Moreno

2. Who volcanos are made
Volcanos are openings in the Earth’s crust where hot liquid rock form deep.
Within the Earth ,called magma, erupts to Earth’s surface the rock beneath the Earth’s surface , gets really hot, it becomes molten or liquid.

3. How volcanos erupt
Volcanoes are caused to erupt when the inner core of the earth holds more pressure or heat inside it
A volcano is a mountain that opens downward to a pool of molten rock below the surface of the earth. When pressure builds up, eruptions occur.

4. How volcanos are good for the earth
Volcanic ash often contains minerals that are beneficial to plants, and if it is very fine ash it is able to break down quickly and get mixed into the soil.
I guess the main good effect that volcanoes have on the environment is to provide nutrients to the surrounding soil.

5. How volcanos are bad for the earth
When volcanoes erupt, they emit a mixture of gases and particles into the air.
Some of them, such as ash and Sulphur dioxide, have a cooling effect, because they (or the substances they cause) reflect sunlight away from the earth.

6. Earthquakes

7. How earthquakes happen
Earthquakes are usually caused when rock underground suddenly breaks along a fault.
This sudden release of energy causes the seismic waves that make the ground shake.

8. How do scientist scale earthquakes
Seismologists study earthquakes by going out and looking at the damage caused by the earthquakes and by using seismographs.
A seismograph is an instrument that records the shaking of the earth's surface caused by seismic waves