1. Multiplication Progression YR to Y6

2. Real life contexts Count in multiples of 5. Count in multiples of 2.
YR Objectives
Solve problems in real life contexts using concrete objects and pictorial representation, including doubling.
Count in multiples of 2, 10 and 5.
How many fingers on one hand?
How many fingers on two hands?...
Real life contexts
Count in multiples of 5.
Count in multiples of 2.

3. Doubling on ten frames using real life objects
Y1 Objectives
Equal groups
Calculate the answer using concrete objects, pictorial representations and arrays, showing repeated addition.
Doubling
Non-statutory:
Grouping and sharing small quantities
Make connections between arrays, number patterns, and counting in 2s, 5s and 10s.
Counting in twos
Make equal groups, add them and show repeated addition in concrete and pictorial representations.
Real life contexts
Doubling on ten frames using real life objects

4. Link the 5x table to the 10x table through doubling and halving.
Y2 Objectives
Multiplication and division facts for the 2x, 5x and 10x tables.
Commutative property.
Solve problems in multiplication using arrays, repeated addition, mental methods and multiplication facts.
Non-statutory:
Use commutativity and inverse relations to develop multiplicative reasoning.
Commutativity
Link the 5x table to the 10x table
through doubling and halving.
Consolidate repeated addition and link to multiplication.
Use a range of resources and methods before moving to the abstract form.
Link the 5x table to intervals on a clock face
Solve problems

5. Multiplication and division facts for the 3x, 4x and 8x tables.
Y3 Objectives
Multiplication and division facts for the 3x, 4x and 8x tables.
2 dn x 1 dn (including mental and formal written method)
Missing number problems
Positive integer scaling problems
Correspondence problems – ‘n’ objects connected to ‘m’ objects.
Commutativity property
Non-statutory:
Associativity property
Choose appropriate operation to solve problems.
Commutativity
2 dn x 1 dn
Concrete, Pictorial, Abstract
1.Apply known facts to multiples of ten.
Continue to use CPA approach and bar model when solving multiplication word problems.
2.Partition the 2 dn then multiply by the multiplier. Expanded method.
3.Renaming when multiplying. Compact method renamed values to be placed below the line. 2
47 x 4 2

6. Use the terms multiplicand and multiplier.
Y4 Objectives
Multiplication facts up to 12x
Multiply by 0 and 1.
1 dn x 1dn x 1dn
2 dn x 1 dn
3 dn x 1 dn
Factor pairs and commutativity
Solving problems – scaling and correspondence.
Non-statutory:
Derive related facts (If 6 x 4 = 24, 6 x 400 = 2400)
Distributive and Associative Laws
Use the terms multiplicand and multiplier.
2 dn or 3 dn x 1 dn
Continue to use CPA approach
2 dn or 3 dn x 1 dn
Move from the expanded to the compact method.
Expanded
Compact 1 3 3

7. Y5 Objectives
Multiples and factors
Prime and composite numbers
4 dn x 1 dn
4 dn x 2 dn (long multiplication)
Square and cube numbers
Decimal numbers x 10, 100, 1000
Non-statutory:
Distributive and Associative Laws
3 dn x 2 dn
Expanded
Carry on using mental, non-standard and formal methods taught in previous years to multiply, using the same terminology.
4 dn x 1 dn
Expanded
Start with 4 digits multiply by 1 digit, before slowly working towards multiplying 4 digits or more by a two digit number. Show regrouping below the calculation.
4 dn x 1 dn
Compact 1 2 2 2

8. Y6 Objectives
Multiply multi-digit numbers up to 4 dn x 2 dn
Common factors, common multiples and prime
Multiplication of decimal numbers by 1 dn
Order of operations
Solve problems
Estimation
Non-statutory:
Explore order of operations using brackets.
Relate common factors to finding equivalent fractions
Carry on using mental, non-standard and formal methods taught in previous years to multiply, using the same terminology.
Decimals x 1 dn
Expanded
Decimals x 1 dn
Compact
Start with 4 digits multiply by 1 digit, before slowly working towards multiplying 4 digits or more by a two digit number. Show regrouping below the calculation. 1 2

9. Multiplication Skills - Terminology
Commutative Law:
This law states that the order you multiply numbers in does not matter eg 3 x 4 = 4 x 3
(See Multiplication skills sheet 1)
Associative Law:
This law states that the order you carry out the multiplication does not impact the answer eg
3 x (2 x 4) = (3 x 2) x 4
Distributive Law:
eg 3 x 6 = 3 x (2 + 4) = (3 x 2) + (3 x 4)
This law states that you can partition numbers and multiply them without changing the answer.
(See Multiplication skills sheets 3 and 5)

10. Multiplication Skills - Terminology
Commutative Law
Associative Law
Distributive Law