1. Two Nations Live on the Edge

2. Bell Ringer
What was similar about Alger Hiss and The Rosenberg’s?

4. Brinkmanship Rules U.S. Policy
The scare and threat of the Soviet’s heightened when they exploded its first atomic bomb in 1949.
President Truman had to decide if the U.S. should develop an even more horrifying weapon. To prove our power over the Soviets.

5. Race for the H-Bomb
H-Bomb is an even more destructive thermo-nuclear weapon called the hydrogen bomb.
It would be equal to 1 million tons of TNT
67 times the power of the atomic bomb
But, there were many arguments about the morality of creating such a destructive weapon.

6. Race for the H-Bomb
Despite such concerns the U.S entered into a deadly race with the Soviets.
They were trying to see who was the first to produce an H-bomb.
The U.S won the race by dropping the first test bomb on 11/1/1952
But the Soviets ended up exploding their own in 1953.

8. The Policy of Brinkmanship
Eisenhower became President in 1953 when both countries had the H-bomb.
His secretary of state was John Dulles.
He was an anti-communist
He believed the Cold War was a moral crusade.

9. The Policy of Brinkmanship
Dulles proposed that the U.S could prevent the spread of communism by promising to use all its force.
This included nuclear weapons
Brinkmanship: The willingness of the U.S under Eisenhower, to go to the edge of all-out war.
The U.S trimmed its army & navy and increased the air force.
The Soviets followed suit.

10. Calvin and Hobbs Cartoon
Read the cartoon and answer the corresponding questions.

11. The Fallout
Radioactive fallout material is produced through nuclear fission and the activation of soil, air, water, and other materials in the vicinity of the detonation
Individual radioactive particles are invisible and so light that they might drift around the world endlessly without settling to earth.
Basically this is the material that will be left over after the H-bomb is dropped.

12. The Fallout –video
The threat of nuclear attack was unlike any the American people had ever faced.
Even if only a few bombs reached their targets, millions of civilians would die.
This led to air-raid procedures and fallout shelters.
Fear of nuclear war became a constant in American life for the next 30 years.

13. Duck and Cover Civil Defense Programs became very popular.
They were to teach children and citizens about the danger of the threat of an A-bomb or H-bomb attack.
Included air-raids, posters, commercials, city-wide practice runs.

15. Air-Raid Drills
Operation Alert. It was a civil defense drill that took place on the same day in scores of major cities.
Citizens in what were called the "target" areas were required to take cover for fifteen minutes.
They tested
their readiness
their communications systems
evacuating.
Even President Eisenhower left the White House for a tent city outside Washington.
The following day newspapers routinely published reports of the fictitious attacks
naming the number of bombs
the number of cities hit
the number of casualties

16. Fallout Shelters
FCDA held Family Fallout Shelter exhibitions in towns across the USA

17. Bomb Shelters
Home owners installed Bomb Shelters in the backyards of suburbia.

18. Fallout Shelters
These were very extreme measures and they were very expensive.
However, these shelters proves the fear and hysteria that American citizens were facing when it came to the threat of an atomic or hydrogen bomb attack.
Fallout Shelters in Denver Model Homes
Do It Yourself Fallout Shelters
Fallout Shelter Protection from Radiation

19. Let’s Face It- Hydrogen Bomb Warfare
This is a Civil Defense promotional video explaining the importance of being prepared for enemy bombing.
This would be more suited for the education of adults.

20. Modern day fear?
Can anyone provide an example of how this fear is similar to today?

21. Life in a Shelter You will read “Life in a Shelter”
This is a excerpt from a guidebook called How to Survive in an Atomic Attack.
Answer the 4 questions in complete sentences.

22. Bomb Shelter Promotion
Create a promotional poster or pamphlet that encourages people to build a bomb shelter in the 1950’s
Must have
A drawing that covers at least half of the page
Information about the dangers of H-Bomb and A-Bomb
The benefits of the bomb shelter
A clever slogan that will make people want to build a bomb shelter.

23. Homework:
Read the comic strip and answer the questions with the Cold War in mind.

24. Two Nations Live on the Edge
Day 2

25. Bell Ringer GET OUT NOTEBOOK PAPER What is “The Fallout?”
What did Americans do to protect themselves from the threat of it?

26. CIA
The United States was in competition with the Soviet Union all over the world.
President Eisenhower began to rely on the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA).
The CIA used spies to get information abroad. It also carried out covert actions, or secret operations, to weaken or overthrow governments unfriendly to the United States.

27. Cold War around the World
You will be working in partners to complete a chart that focuses on many events that were occurring across the world that were in connection to the Cold War.
You will be given a reading and a chart.
You and your partner both need to have your own chart completed. T
This will be a grade.

28. Discussion Question
How would you describe world relations during this time period?
Should the U.S be involved in the issues you just read about?

29. The Space Race Begins: Sputnik
On October 4, 1957, the Soviets shocked the world by launching Sputnik I.
It was the first artificial satellite to orbit the earth.
Sputnik, a satellite, caused a tremendous stir in the US because it was a great triumph of Soviet technology.

30. Sputnik sparks Space Race
If they can do it, why can’t we?
It started the Space Race and the creation of NASA in 1958
American scientists also worked hard to catch up.
The first attempt to launch a U.S. satellite was a humiliating failure.
On January 31, 1958, the United States successfully launched its first satellite.

31. Space Race Videos Video 1
Space Race Cold War Front(has more live footage)
While watching the videos answer the questions on your notes.

32. Change in schools and funding
Called for changes in all schools
National Defense Education Act- (NDEA)
NDEA was instituted primarily:
Math and Sciences
Low-interest loans to students
Federal Government insists on science and math – shift away from humanities and arts

33. Example of NDEA in action
Extra Credit:
You need to watch October Sky write a summary of the movie (in your own words) and write about how it connects to what we are learning in class.

34. Khrushchev
The Soviet leader, Nikita Khrushchev, came to power in the years after Stalin’s death.
Unlike Stalin, he believed communism could triumph through peaceful means.

35. U2 Incident
Meanwhile, the United States had been flying spy missions over the Soviet Union.
The CIA used U-2 aircraft that flew so high they could not be shotdown. Or so the Americans thought.
On May 1, 1960, a U-2 spy plane was shot down over the Soviet Union.
The pilot, Francis Gary Powers, was captured and convicted of spying. However, he was soon released in exchange for a Soviet spy.

36. U2 Hurt Soviet Relations
This U-2 incident happened right before a meeting between Eisenhower and Khrushchev.
At the meeting, Khrushchev criticized the United States and walked out because Eisenhower would not apologize.
The U-2 incident hurt Eisenhower’s ability to deal with the Soviets and reversed the somewhat positive gains they had created.

37. Today’s Benefits to the Space Race
NASA 1961
Technology
Gave birth to the digital revolution

38. Individual Assignment
You will read and annotate Eisenhower’s statement about the U-2 incident.
You will answer the two questions in detailed complete sentence on a separate piece of paper!
If you do not finish this will be homework.