1. Essential Question: Why does conflict develop?
9.3 The Persians
Standard 6.52
Essential Question: Why does conflict develop? PP

2. Success Criteria Who was Cyrus the Great? Who was Darius I?
Who was Xerxes I?
Why did the Greek Ionians revolt against the Persians?
Why did conflict (the Persian Wars) begin between the Persians and the Greeks? 
Vocabulary:
Persia
Cyrus the Great
Royal Road
Darius I
Ionian Revolt

3. Persia’s Empire

4. Cyrus the Great
Built a strong Persian army & created the largest empire in the ancient world (Persia conquered Mesopotamia, Syria, Judah, and the Greek city-states of Anatolia)
Cyrus treated conquered people fairly
Allowed them to keep their own languages, religions, and laws
Allowed the Jews to return to Israel

5. Persians improved the roads begun by the Assyrians
Royal Road was 1,500 miles from Persia to Anatolia
Messengers could travel from Persia to Anatolia in just seven days
The same trip would have taken 3 months before the road was built

6. Persian Army Persian maintained a full-time, paid, professional army
Best fighters were 10,000 soldiers called the “Immortals” because when one died another soldier immediately took his place

7. Ionian Revolt
Athens

8. Summing up the Ionian Revolt
Greeks in Anatolia revolted against Persia Athenians sent warships to help rebels Persians crushed the uprising Revenge: King Darius I decided to punish Athens for helping the Ionians revolt. -- this is the reason why the Persian Wars begin…

9. Success Criteria Who was Cyrus the Great? Who was Darius I?
Who was Xerxes I?
Why did the Greek Ionians revolt against the Persians?
Why did conflict (the Persian Wars) begin between the Persians and the Greeks? 
Vocabulary:
Persia
Cyrus the Great
Royal Road
Darius I
Immortals
Xerxes I
Ionian Revolt

10. Who was Zoroaster? Persians were polytheistic
A teacher named Zoroaster
Preached a monotheistic religion
Religion was called Zoroastrianism

11. Zoroastrianism Taught one supreme god
God was called Ahura Mazda or “Wise Lord”
Ahura Mazda was creator of all things
Leader of the forces of good
Believes people were free to choose between good and evil
Religion still has about 200,000 followers today. Most in South Asia.

12. Persian Government Darius I ruled Persia from 522 to 486 BC
Divided the empire into provinces called satrapies
Each satrapies ruled by a governor called a satrap (means “defender of the kingdom”)
Satrap collected taxes
judged legal cases
managed the police
recruited soldiers for the Persian army