1. Comparison Between HSPA Family
HSDPA ( 3.5G )
HSUPA ( 3.75G )
HSPA+ ( 3.75G+ )
Access Technique
W-CDMA
Modulation
16 QAM
64 QAM
64 QAM + MIMO
Speed
3.5 Mbps
7.2 Mbps
28.8 Mbps

2. LTE ( 4G ) Long Term Evolution

3. Increasing the user through put
QPSK QAM QAM
2* *4

4. OFDMA Orthogonal freq. Division Multiple Access

5. OFDMA Advantages OFDMA Disadvantages
Best Efficiency
Anti Fading
Increasing the SNR
Increasing the No. of subscribers
OFDMA Disadvantages
1- complexity
2- increasing the power average Ratio

6. SC-FDMA

7. MIMO

8. Decreasing the Latency Factor

9. LTE Specifications Digital technology Cellular concept
SC-FDMA for UL & OFDMA for DL
FDD & TDD
Freq Band ( 2600 Mhz )
Bandwidth >= 20
Bandwidth on demand ch BW (1.25 , 5 , 10 , 15 , 20 )MHz
Packet Switching
VOIP (voice over internet protocol)
IP V6
application (internet, intranet, video conference ,IPTV)
MIMO ( 2*2 & 4*4 & 8*8 )
Modulation ( QPSK , 16 QAM , 64 QAM )
Cyclic prefix
Inter system hand over
Doppler freq. shift problem
Connection between eNodeB’s

10. The Cyclic Prefix

12. LTE Network Structure

13. LTE Physical Layer