1. Feudalism and the Middle Ages
5th century – 12th century

2. What is Feudalism?
Relationship between a lord, a vassal, a serf, and a fief
Originated in what is now known as France during the Middle Ages (a.k.a. = Dark Ages)

3. Player # 1: LORD Owns the land and politically controls the region
Is wealthy
Often lives in a large castle (think of picture shown earlier)
Is in desperate need of military protection

4. Player # 2: VASSAL Also known as a knight
the vassal swears to protect the lord in exchange for use of the lord’s land (he is only borrowing the land)
The vassal generally has it farmed by the serfs
The vassal must formally enter into the arrangement by way of the “commendation ceremony.” Where the vassal would take the oath of homage and fealty (protection of the lord).

5. Player # 3: SERF Also known as a peasant They work the land
They were often bound to the land and could not leave without permission
At the peak of Feudalism, 90% of Western Europe were peasants
Life was not always pleasant

6. Player # 4: THE FIEF
The land owned by the Lord in which the vassal borrows from
The vassal earns revenue from it by having the serfs farm the fief

7. The Basic Structure