1. Chapter 2 Section 3

2. Slide 1
Centrally planned economies operate in direct contrast to free market systems.
Centrally planned economies are the type of economy where the government is basically in control of everything in the country.

3. Slide 2
The central government answers the 3 key economic questions for the country.
Questions dealing with production will be addressed by the government.
State-Can be used to refer to the federal government. i.e. a ‘state-run factory’

4. Slide 7
In a centrally planned economy, the government owns and controls the three factors of production
The federal govt. will make all decisions on how to develop land, labor, and capital

5. Slide 9
Socialism is a social and political philosophy based on the belief that democratic means should be used to distribute wealth evenly throughout a society.
This was brought about as a means to keep rebellion against the government from taking place.

6. Slide 10
Communism- Political system characterized by a centrally planned economy where all power rests in the hands of the central govt.
It is the political system that arose out of the philosophy of socialism.
Communism and socialism are not the same thing, but often go together

7. Slide 11
Authoritarian is where governments exact strict obedience from their citizens.
Some communist type governments are authoritarian in nature due to the fact that the govt. controls the economy
Many individual freedoms are suppressed by an authoritarian style govt.

8. Slide 12
The former Soviet Union was a communist country.

9. Slide 13
The government of the soviet union had collectives or large farms leased from the state to peasant farmers or people who want to have a farm in the country. This means that the people had to pay monthly or yearly how ever it was set up or maybe they had to give a portion of the farms profits to keep the land.

10. Slide 14
The factories in the soviet union were also state owned.

11. Slide 15
Heavy Industry requires a large capital investment to produce items used in other industries.
Examples would be for the space program or the military

12. Slide 16
The Soviet Union arose out of a pair of revolutions in Russia in 1917.
This is when the Soviet Union really got started.
Soviet planners were most concerned with building national power and prestige
Soviet Union had central government state- owned farms and factories.

13. Slide 17
On state run farms the state provides farmers with all the equipment needed to run the farm.
The state also gets some of the profit that the farm makes and then pays the farmers with that money.

14. Slide 18
Farmers receive a share of what is produced on the farm or the amount of income that is made on the farm.
All factories are owned by the state and the workers there were also paid by the state.
Jobs in factories are guaranteed and the wages were paid by the government, not the factory.
Factories had quotas they had to hit with production.

15. slide 19
When the production quota was met then there was no reason to keep working or making the product that they produce.
So if you finished ten days ahead of schedule then you would probably just get the rest of those ten days off.

16. slide 20
The products made in the Soviet Union were of poor quality and made at a great speed of rate.
Most companies didn’t focus on quality but mostly quantity due to the nature of the quota system.

17. Slide 21
Central planning could be used to jump start an industry and guarantee many jobs and income.

18. slide 23
A disadvantage with centrally planned economies is that their performance almost always falls short of what they need for their citizens.
This is due to the difficulty of central planning. Especially, for a large country.

19. Slide 25
Centrally Planned Economies do not reward innovation, and actively discourage certain types of thinking and change that govt. officials feel would undermine govt. control.
The centrally planned economies have lacked flexibility to adjust for the needs and wants of consumer demands.

20. Slide 26
Command economies sacrifice individual freedoms in order to pursue societal goals.
In some cases, the government controls what job you work in a command economy.

21. Slide 29
Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels introduced their socialist philosophy in the book The Communist Manifesto in the year 1848.

22. How do socialism and communism differ?
Questions
How do socialism and communism differ?
Socialism is based on the belief that democratic means should be used to evenly distributed wealth throughout a society.
Communism is a political system characterized by a centrally planned economy with all economic and political power resting in the hands of the central government.

23. What characterizes an authoritarian government?
It controls the people.

24. In the Soviet Union, what was the opportunity cost of the emphasis on heavy industry?
They wanted there military to be stronger so they used more money on the military instead of there factories.

25. Why do centrally planned economies have difficulty meeting consumer needs?
Because the people do not get to give their opinion.

26. Describe how a centrally planned economy is organized?
It is based on the government.

27. Identify the problems of a centrally planned economy?
A central bureaucracy makes all the decisions on what to produce.

28. Which of the following economic goals are difficult to achieve in a centrally planned economy? A)economic efficiency B)economic security and predictability C)economic equity D)economic growth and innovation
A) Economic efficiency

29. What centrally planned government was the former Soviet Union under?
Communism

30. How did the Soviet Union form?
It formed out of a pair of revolutions in Russia in 1917.

31. What did the state provide all farmers with on state-run farms?
All equipment, seed and fertilizer.