1. Challenges to the New Government
Chapter 9.2

2. Securing the Northwest Territory
Trans-Appalachian West between the Appalachians, Mississippi River
Spain, Britain, U.S., Native Americans all claim parts of land
Spain threatens to close New Orleans’ port to American trade
Stirs up trouble between white settlers, Native Americans
Britain violates Treaty of Paris, holds forts in Northwest Territory
Supports Native Americans who clash with American settlers

3. Battle of Fallen Timbers
President Washington sends troops into Northwest Territory
Native American tribes defeat U.S. troops twice
Washington sends more troops led by Anthony Wayne
Defeat Native Americans at Battle of Fallen Timbers (1794)
12 tribes sign Treaty of Greenville with United States (1795)
surrender much of present- day Ohio, Indiana to the U.S.

4. The Whiskey Rebellion Farmers resist U.S. tax on whiskey
More economical for farmers to sell rye whiskey than bushels of rye
Use whiskey as money to get supplies
In Pennsylvania, farmers stage Whiskey Rebellion against tax (1794)
Troops subdue rebellion, show government has power to enforce laws

5. The French Revolution
French Revolution— French people rebel against their government
France declares war on Britain, Holland, Spain
Some Americans want U.S. to support revolution and the cause of liberty
Others do not want war with Britain
U.S. remains neutral, not siding with one country or other (1793)

6. Remaining Neutral
British seize cargoes of American ships from the French West Indies
Seizures make it difficult for the U.S. to remain neutral
U.S. Chief Justice John Jay convinces British to sign Jay’s Treaty (1794)
British pay for damages to U.S. vessels, leave Ohio Valley by 1796
Jay fails to open profitable British West Indies trade to Americans

7. Continued Remaining Neutral
Thomas Pinckney convinces Spain to sign Pinckney’s Treaty (1795):
allows Americans to travel freely on the Mississippi River
store goods at New Orleans without custom duties
Spain accepts 31st parallel as boundary between Florida, U.S.