1. The Declaration of Independence
Link To Declaration of Independence Rap

2. Essential Question: Respond via Moodle Forums
What principles of government are expressed
in the Declaration of Independence?

3. What you will know.

4. Review
Loyalists: Colonists who remained faithful to England and King George.
Patriots: Colonists who wished to become an independent country.
Shot Heard Round The World: April 19th, 1775 at Lexington and Concord.

5. Learning Goals and Targets:
EQ: What principles of government are expressed in the Declaration of Independence?
What impacts did the early battles of the American Revolution have on the opinions of Patriots and Loyalist?
How did publications and petitions shape views towards the British government?
Why were the ideas in the Declaration of Independence so important?
Why did both the Northern and Southern States oppose the passage in the Declaration of Independence on slavery?

6. Learning Goals and Targets
Vocabulary/Key Terms:
Independence
Petition
Common Sense
Declaration of Independence
Natural rights
Using the pages from your packet, please assess yourself on your understanding of the EQ and the learning goals.

7. Claim, Support, Question
2nd to last page of Chapter 6 Packet.
1 Claim
3 Supports
1 Question

8. Reenactment of Henry's Speech
Patrick Henry
Read 6.1 and view the attached video link.
Reenactment of Henry's Speech

9. Patrick Henry
Knowing what you now know, please adjust your claim, support, question.

10. Read 6.2: The Colonists Organize an Army & GW & the Continental Army
Who did Adams propose should be commander-in-chief of the Continental Army? Why?
John Adams proposed George Washington be commander-in-chief. He believed that Washington, with his talent and character, would unite the colonies better than anyone else.

11. George Washington
May 10th, nd Continental Congress meets in Philadelphia at the State House (Now Independence Hall).
John Adams suggests the creation of a Continental Army.
Adams suggests Washington and describes him as “ a Gentleman whose Skill and Experience as an Officer, whose…great Talents and excellent universal Character, would (unite) the colonies better than any other person.”
Washington is unanimously elected commander in chief of the new Continental Army.

12. Read 6.2: The Battle of Bunker Hill
Write down 5 facts from this section on a scrap sheet of paper.

13. Bunker Hill (Really Breed’s Hill) : June 17th, 1775
Militiamen, led by Israel Putnam, build a fort on the night of June 16th.
British General Howe orders an attack.
Americans, waiting until they could “see the whites of their eyes”, fire at the British.
It takes the British 3 tries to take the hill. Americans ran out of ammunition.
Battle of Bunker Hill Video Link

14. 1776 Video: Parts 1, 2, and 3.

15. Complete the KWL chart for section 6.2: Washington Takes Command

16. Washington Takes Command
July of 1775 the Continental Army has only 36 barrels of gunpowder. Each soldier could fire ONLY 9 shots.
Washington starts rumor that the army has 1,800 barrels of gunpowder. He sends letters to the colonies pleading for gunpowder and they supply it.
Washington sends Henry Knox to Fort Ticonderoga to get heavy artillery. Ethan Allen and Benedict Arnold had seized the fort at Lake Champlain in NY.
Knox and his men dragged the 59 cannons and 2,300 pounds of lead to Boston.

17. Ticonderoga(Winter 1776)
Henry Knox and his men drag heavy artillery (cannons) from New York to Boston. This artillery allows the Americans to force the British to abandon Boston.

18. British Abandon Boston: March 4, 1776
During the night, Americans lined the hills of Dorchester Heights with cannons.
General Howe and the British awoke to cannons pointing at them.
Howe abandons the city with 9,000 troops and 1,100 loyalists. They sail to Canada.

19. Complete the KWL chart for section 6.2: Washington Takes Command

20. 6.3: Rewrite the sentence to make it correct.
There was no fighting for a year after the battles of Lexington and Concord and the British retreat from Boston, and many colonists still felt loyal to the king.

21. Discuss Learning Target #1
What impacts did the early battles have on the opinions of Patriots and Loyalists?
Please reflect on your understanding of this learning target and reassess it in your packet.

22. 6.3: On the Eve of Independence
Read 6.3 to find out and discuss with your group.
How could a person connect this picture to the colonists quest for independence?

23. Olive Branch Petition/Common Sense Venn Diagram
Written to King George.
Colonists ask for peace.
King George rejects it.
King George calls colonists “traitors”.
Written by 2nd Continental Congress.
Written to colonists.
Claims Great Britain has hurt colonists.
Thousands of colonists are persuaded to declare independence.
Written by Thomas Paine.
Provide solutions to the problems between the British and the colonies.

24. The Eve of Independence
Thomas Paine Common Sense Video Link
Common Sense by Thomas Paine
Sells more than 120,000 copies in a few months of 1776.
Pamphlet.
Written in easy to understand language.
Explained why colonists should not remain loyal to the King.
Convinces thousands of colonists to become Patriots.

25. 1776 Video: Parts 5, 7, &8

26. The Eve of Independence
July, nd Continental Congress sends Olive Branch Petition to King George.
King George's Response To Olive Branch Petition Video
King George had already declared the colonies to be in open rebellion and ordered his ministers “to bring the traitors to justice.”

27. Why was the document that the 2nd Continental Congress sent to King George called the Olive Branch Petition?

28. 1776 Video: Parts 9,10, 15, & 16

29. See (8), Think(4), Wonder(2) See the back of your chapter 6 packet and 6.4 in text.
Link To Declaration of Independence Rap

30. 6.4: Jefferson Drafts a Declaration
Read 6.4 and answer question #1.
1. Thomas Jefferson drafted the declaration. His main job was to state the reasons why the colonies were separating from Great Britain.

31. 6.4: Jefferson Drafts a Declaration Read 6.4 and complete the table.
Ideas in Declaration
Why This Idea Is Important
1. All People Are Born =

32. 6.4: Jefferson Drafts a Declaration
Ideas in Declaration
Why This Idea Is Important
1. All People Are Born =
For Justice and Fairness
2. Government’s Power Comes From The People
People don’t feel powerless. Government can’t run over them.
3. The People Can Create A New Govt. To Protect Safety & Happiness
People can help themselves and make changes as necessary.

33. 6.4: Declaration of Independence
Declaration of Independence Video Link
2nd Continental Congress creates committee to write a declaration of independence.
Thomas Jefferson (33 years old & the youngest committee member) writes the 1st draft.
The committee consisted of Jefferson, Ben Franklin, John Adams, Roger Sherman, and Robert Livingston.
Accuses the king of 27 crimes.
Citizens all have basic fundamental rights.
All people are born equal, a government’s power comes from it’s people, and people can create a new government to protect their safety and happiness.

34. When he wrote the Declaration of Independence, Jefferson went to the Graff house that was located outside of the city limits.
The house was surrounded by field and a stable. Thomas Jefferson could write without being bothered.
The only things that did bother him were the horseflies from the barn!!!

35. Learning Goal #2
Let’s discuss how publications and petitions shaped views towards the British government?
Please reflect on your understanding of this learning target and reassess it in your packet.

36. Independence Song: Too Late Too Apologize

37. 6.5: The Final Break
This passage may offend New England merchants who benefit from the slave trade.
This passage may lead to a demand to end slavery. We need slaves to work on our farms.
Gouverneur Morris:
Pennsylvania (Northerner)
John Rutledge:
South Carolina(Southerner)

38. Learning Goal #4
Why did both the Northern and Southern States oppose the passage in the Declaration of Independence on slavery?
Please reflect on your understanding of this learning target and reassess it in your packet.

39. The Preamble: Part 1
When in the course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the Laws of Nature and of Nature's God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation.

40. The Indictment: Part 2
The King is accused of twenty seven specific abuses; interfering with colonists’ rights to self government and a fair judicial system; instituting legislation that affected colonies without their consent, increasing taxes on colonists; requirement to quarter British soldiers; right to trial by jury; preventing them from trading freely, for example. Also, the King had refused to protect the borders of the colonies thus resulting in the destruction of American life and property. These are among the twenty seven accusations the colonists made in direct relation with King George the III in the Indictment portion of the Declaration of Independence.

41. The Conclusion: Part 3
In conclusion, the representatives of the United States of America and the people of the colonies had seen existent conditions that required a change in government structure and policy. The conclusion states that “these united Colonies are, and of Right ought to be Free and Independent States; that they are Absolved from all Allegiance to the British Crown.”?

42. 1776 Video: 17, 18, and 20

43. Essential Question: Respond on the created Moodle Forum Link
Link To Declaration of Independence Rap
What principles of government are expressed
in the Declaration of Independence?
Link to Declaration of Independence Text & Signers EQ

44. 1776 Video: 21, 22, 26, 27, & 28

45. Declaration of Independence Translation
Using your chapter 6 packet, rewrite the excerpts from the Declaration of Independence so that a third grader could understand and create a children’s version.
Work in small groups to complete excerpt one. We will discuss as a class in 5 minutes.

46. Excerpt One
When in the Course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the Laws of Nature and of Nature's God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation.

47. Excerpt One Rephrased
When events happen that make it necessary for one group of people to leave the government of another group of people so that they have equal powers and rights that God entitled them to, the departing group must explain to the world why they have to break away.

48. Excerpt Two
Work in small groups to complete excerpt two. We will discuss as a class in 5 minutes.
We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.

49. Excerpt Two Rephrased
We believe that these truths are extremely clear: All people are created equally and God has given them rights that can not be denied by anyone. These rights include the right to live, the right to freedom, and the right to do what makes a person happy.

50. Excerpt Three
That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed.

51. Excerpt 4
Excerpt Four
That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new government.

52. Excerpt 5
Excerpt Five
The history of the present King of Great Britain is a history of repeated injuries and usurpations, all having in direct object the establishment of an absolute Tyranny over these States.

53. Excerpt Six
To prove this(that England has interfered with colonial rights), let Facts be submitted to a candid world.

54. Excerpt Seven
In every stage of these Oppressions We have Petitioned for Redress in the most humble terms: Our repeated Petitions have been answered only by repeated injury. A Prince whose character is thus marked by every act which may define a Tyrant, is unfit to be the ruler of a free people.

55. Excerpt Eight
We, therefore, the Representatives of the United States of America, in General Congress, Assembled, appealing to the Supreme Judge of the world for the rectitude of our intentions, do, in the Name, and by Authority of the good People of these Colonies, solemnly publish and declare, That these United Colonies are, and of Right ought to be Free and Independent States

56. Why were the ideas in the Declaration of Independence so important?
Learning Goal #3
Why were the ideas in the Declaration of Independence so important?
Please reflect on your understanding of this learning target and reassess it in your packet.

57. What Happened To The Delegates?
According to this anonymous essay, they each paid a heavy personal price to stand up for freedom and the independence of their country. Five signers were captured by the British. Twelve had their homes ransacked and burned. Two lost their sons in the revolutionary army, another had two sons captured. Nine of the fifty-six fought and died from their wounds or other hardships of war

58. The Price They Paid
Have you ever wondered what happened to those men who signed the Declaration of Independence?
Five signers were captured by the British as traitors, and tortured before they died. Twelve had their homes ransacked and burned. Two lost their sons in the Revolutionary Army, another had two sons captured. Nine of the 56 fought and died from wounds or the hardships of the Revolutionary War.
What kind of men were they? Twenty-four were lawyers and jurists. Eleven were merchants, nine were farmers and large plantation owners, men of means, well educated. But they signed the Declaration of Independence knowing full well that the penalty would be death if they were captured.
They signed and they pledged their lives, their fortunes, and their sacred honor.
Carter Braxton of Virginia, a wealthy planter and trader, saw his ships swept from the seas by the British navy. He sold his home and properties to pay his debts, and died in rags.
Thomas McKeam was so hounded by the British that he was forced to move his family almost constantly. He served in the Congress without pay, and his family was kept in hiding. His possessions were taken from him, and poverty was his reward.
Vandals or soldiers or both, looted the properties of Ellery, Clymer, Hall, Walton, Gwinnett, Heyward, Ruttledge, and Middleton.
At the Battle of Yorktown, Thomas Nelson Jr., noted that the British General Cornwallis, had taken over the Nelson home for his headquarters. The owner quietly urged General George Washington to open fire, which was done. The home was destroyed, and Nelson died bankrupt.
Francis Lewis had his home and properties destroyed. The enemy jailed his wife, and she died within a few months.
John Hart was driven from his wife's bedside as she was dying. Their 13 children fled for their lives. His fields and his grist mill were laid waste. For more than a year he lived in forests and caves, returning home after the war to find his wife dead, his children vanished. A few weeks later he died from exhaustion and a broken heart.
Norris and Livingston suffered similar fates.
Such were the stories and sacrifices of the American Revolution. These were not wild-eyed, rabble-rousing ruffians. There were soft-spoken men of means and education. They had security, but they valued liberty more. Standing tall, straight, and unwavering, they pledged: "For the support of this declaration, with a firm reliance on the protection of the Divine Providence, we mutually pledge to each other, our lives, our fortunes, and our sacred honor."
They gave us an independent America. Can we keep it?

59. Essential Question: Respond on Moodle ForumEQ
What principles of government are expressed
in the Declaration of Independence?
1776 Movie Link: The signing of the Declaration

60. Essential Question: Four Possible Examples:
All people are created equal.
All people have basic rights that cannot be taken away.
The government gets its power to make decisions and to protect rights from the people.
When the government does not protect the rights of the people, the people have the right to change or remove the government.

61. Essential Question: What principles of government are expressed
in the Declaration of Independence?
Examples of Principles of the Declaration