1. The Ideologies of Change
Brie Olds

2. Liberalism Introduction and Economic
Liberalism’s foundation: People should be as free from restraint as possible. Favors reform by legislature, not revolution through violence.
Economic Liberalism: Also “classical economics,” Inspired by laissez-faire ideas, government should not restrict the normal cycles of supply and demand.
Government should only:
Defend the country
Provide protection to the people through the police
Pay for and maintain public works
Thomas Malthus and David Ricardo progressed this idea.

3. Liberalism Political
Political Liberalism: Wanted to protect civil liberties
Freedom of Assembly
Freedom of Speech
Freedom of Press
Freedom from Arbitrary Arrest
Religious toleration
Separation of church and state
Written Constitutions
Allowance for Peaceful Opposition to Government
Representative Government
Checks and Balances
Voting only open to men

4. Nationalism
Nationalism: An awareness of being part of a community that has common institutions, traditions, language, and customs. A want for national unity and one central government, and feeling of extreme patriotism and superiority.
Worked with Liberalism to reform government.

5. Early Socialism
Socialism: Introduction of equality and cooperation into society, dislike of the competition in capitalism.
Utopian socialism: Extreme socialism, wanting to eliminate private property and any competitive form of economy.
Charles Fourier: Proponent of phalansteries, communities where large amounts of people lived and worked together for the benefit of everyone.
Robert Owen: Started the New Harmony Colony in the United States that failed, but sparked other socialists.
Louis Blanc: Author of The Organization of Work, believed in strong governmental involvement in economics.

6. Early Socialism Cont. Female Supporters
Frances Wright started her own colony, inspired by Owen.
Zoe Gatti de Gamond created a phalanstery where men and women had equal opportunities and responsibilities.
Flora Tristan, advocated a combination of socialism and feminism.
Wrote Worker’s Union
Socialists were largely ignored, but sparked a movement to restrain the seemingly unstoppable reach of capitalism.