1. Legal and Standardisation Framework Indoor Lighting
Prepared by ISR – University of Coimbra
August 2017

2. Summary EU legislative framework for lighting systems
Regulations for lamps, luminaires, ballasts and drivers
EN Standards for lighting systems

3. 1. EU legislative framework for lighting systems EU Directives
The following EU Directives which are currently in revision cover energy efficiency requirements for lighting systems and components:
Energy Efficiency Directive (EED)
Energy Performance in Buildings Directive (EPBD)
Ecodesign Directive (ED)
Energy Labelling Directive (ELD)

4. 1. EU legislative framework for lighting systems EU Regulations
In the field of lighting systems, between 2009 and 2012, several regulations were developed at EU level. The implementing regulations within the Ecodesign and Labelling Directives are mainly focussed on light sources and ballasts and to a lesser extent to luminaires which are only partialy covered.

5. 1. EU legislative framework for lighting systems EU Regulations
Scope
244/2009
Non-directional household lamps
1194/2012
Directional lamps, LED lamps and Control Gear
245/2009
Fluorescent and HiD lamps and Ballasts
874/2009
Energy labelling of lamps and luminaires

6. 1. EU legislative framework for lighting systems EU Regulations – non-directional lamps
Commission Regulation (EC) No 244/2009 sets ecodesign requirements for non-directional household lamps - published on the 18th of March 2009 and entered into force two weeks later. The Commission Regulation (EC) No 859/2009 of 18 September 2009, partially amended some requirements (ultraviolet radiation related) of the 244/2009. The regulation follows a step-by-step approach which aimed at phasing out inefficient lamps until Commission Regulation (EU) 2015/1428 Delayed the phase-out of halogen lamps until 2018.
It gradually prohibits the placing on the market of particularly energy-inefficient lamps for household use, except for special purpose products. The products concerned have to comply with specific energy efficacy requirements and partially also with minimum performance requirements in order to receive a CE marking and thus be allowed on the European market. The regulation follows a step-by-step approach which aims phasing out inefficient lamps until 2016. 
According to evidence produced after the adoption of Regulation (EC) No 244/2009, the limit set in Table 5 of the Regulation regarding ultraviolet radiation of the UVC type cannot be met by tungsten halogen lamps without a second lamp envelope (notably mains voltage halogen lamps with G9 and R7s caps but also extra low voltage halogen lamps). This would result in banning those lamps from the internal market from 1 September 2009.

7. 1. EU legislative framework for lighting systems Timeline for implementation of Regulation (EC) No 244/2009
1st Sep. 2009
Clear lamps: phasing out of incandescent lamps > 100 W and inefficient halogen lamps
Non-clear lamps: All non-clear incandescent and halogen lamps are phased out.
1st Sep. 2010
Clear lamps:Incandescent lamps ≥ 75 W are phased out.
1st Sep. 2011
Clear lamps: Incandescent lamps ≥ 60 W are phased out.
1st Sep. 2012
Clear lamps: Incandescent lamps ≥ 7 W are phased out.
1st Sep. 2013
Clear lamps: Increased performance requirements for all lamps covered by the regulation (except for LED lamps)
1st Sep. 2018
Clear lamps: Halogen lamps are phased out (postponed from 2016)

8. 1. EU legislative framework for lighting systems EU Regulations – non-directional lamps
Regulation 244/2009 set additional functionality requirements for CFLs and halogen lamps setting minimum values for:
Lifetime
Premature Failure Rate
Lamp warm-up time to 60% of the flux
Lamp Power Factor
UVA+UVB radiation
Starting time
UVC radiation
Lumen Maintenance
Colour Rendering (Ra)
Number of switching cycles before failure
Regulation 244/2009 does not set functionality requirements for LED’s.

9. 1. EU legislative framework for lighting systems EU Regulations – non-directional lamps
Regulation 244/2009 also lists the product information requirements that needs to be visibly displayed on the package of the lamp and made publicly available on a free access websites by the manufacturers: Electric Power (wattage), light output, lifetime, light color, etc.

10. 1. EU legislative framework for lighting systems EU Regulations – directional lamps and LEDs
Commission Regulation (EC) No 1194/2012 sets minimum requirements for directional lamps and also non- directional LED light sources.   
Scope
Directional lamps.
Light-emitting diode (LED) lamps and modules.
Equipment designed for installation between the mains and the lamps, including:
control gear including ballasts and drivers
luminaires

11. 1. EU legislative framework for lighting systems EU Regulations – directional lamps and LEDs
Minimum Efficiency requirements are set in three stages:
Stage 1: 1 September 2013
Stage 2: 1 September 2014
Stage 3: 1 September 2016.
Requirements are based on the lamps Energy Efficiency Index (EEI).

12. Maximum energy efficiency index (EEI)
1. EU legislative framework for lighting systems EU Regulations – directional lamps and LEDs
Application date
Maximum energy efficiency index (EEI)
Mains-voltage halogen
Other halogen
HID
LEDs and CFLs
Stage I
1 Sep 2013
If Φuse > 450 lm: 1,75
If Φuse ≤ 450
lm: 1,20
If Φuse > 450
lm: 0,9
0,50
Stage II
1 Sep 2014
1,75
0,95
Stage III
1 Sep 2016
0,36
0,20

13. 1. EU legislative framework for lighting systems EU Regulations – directional lamps and LEDs
EU Regulations – directional lamps and LEDs Regulation 1194/ Functionality Requirements
Lamp lifetime
Premature failure rate
Lumen Maintenance
Lamp power factor for lamps with integrated control gear
Number of switching cycles before failure
Colour rendering (Ra)
Starting time
Colour consistency
Lamp warm-up time

14. 1. EU legislative framework for lighting systems EU Regulations – directional lamps and LEDs
Regulation 1194/ Information Requirements lists the product information requirements that needs to be visibly displayed on the package of the lamp and made publicly available on a free access websites by the manufacturers: Electric Power (wattage), light output, lifetime, light color, etc.

15. 1. EU legislative framework for lighting systems EU Regulations – fluorescent / HID lamps and ballasts
Commission Regulation (EC) No 245/2009 sets the ecodesign requirements for fluorescent lamps without integrated ballast, for high intensity discharge lamps, and for ballasts and luminaires able to operate such lamps.

16. 1. EU legislative framework for lighting systems Requirements for lamps in Regulation (EC) No 245/2009
13th Apr. 2010
T8 and T5 fluorescent lamps not meeting minimum performance requirements are phased out.
13th Apr. 2012
T12 fluorescent lamps not meeting minimum performance requirements are phased out.
Metal halide (MH) lamps: Inefficient MH lamps with E27, E40 and PGZ12 bases not meeting minimum performance requirements are phased out.
Inefficient high-pressure sodium (HPS) lamps with E27 and E40 bases not meeting minimum performance requirements are phased out.
13th Apr. 2015
High-pressure mercury lamps (HPM) not meeting minimum performance requirements are phased out
High-pressure sodium plug-in lamps not meeting minimum performance requirements are phased out.
13th Apr. 2017
MH lamps with E27 and E40 bases not meeting minimum performance requirements are phased out. Requirements are extended to include lifetime and maintenance..

17. 1. EU legislative framework for lighting systems Requirements for ballasts and luminaires in Regulation (EC) No 245/2009
13th Apr. 2010
Ballasts for fluorescent lamps: Minimum requirement is energy class A1 – B2, an energy label and a stand-by power of maximum 1 W for remotely controlled ballasts.
13th Oct. 2010
Luminaires for fluorescent and High Intensity Discharge (HID) lamps: Additional specific product information must be freely accessible on the Internet.
13th Apr. 2012
Ballasts for fluorescent lamps: Requirement of a stand-by power of maximum 0,5 W.
Ballasts for HID lamps: Requirement of an energy label
Luminaires for fluorescent and High Intensity Discharge (HID) lamps: Requirement for the use of an Electronic Control Gear (ECG) is energy class A1 and A2.
13th Apr. 2017
Only energy class A1 and A2 are permitted for the ECG. The Conventional Control Gear is phased out.

18. 1. EU legislative framework for lighting systems EU Regulations – Energy Labelling
Commission Regulation (EU) No 874/2012 This Regulation establishes requirements for labelling of and providing supplementary product information on lamps and luminaires. It informs consumers about the compatibility of the luminaire with energy-saving lamps and about the energy efficiency of the lamps included with the luminaire.

19. 1. EU legislative framework for lighting systems EU Regulations – Energy Labelling
for lamps
Energy label
for luminaires

20. 1. EU legislative framework for lighting systems EU Regulations – Energy Labelling
Energy Labelling - Scope
Within Scope
Out of Scope
Halogen lamps
Fluorescent lamps
LED lamps and modules
Related luminaires marketed to end-users
Luminaires, lamps and LED modules with
12000 < luminous flux < 30 lumens
Luminaires, lamps and LED modules marketed for operation with batteries
Luminaires, lamps and LED modules marketed for applications or products where their primary purpose is not lighting
Lamps and LED modules marketed as part of a luminaire and not intended to be removed by the end-user
Lamps and LED modules that do not comply with ecodesign requirements

21. 1. EU legislative framework for lighting systems Energy Efficiency Classes

22. 1. EU legislative framework for lighting systems Lot 37 Ecodesign Preparatory Study
Lighting Systems (ENER Lot 37)
 Started in January 2014 and was finished in December 2016.
Makes new policy recommendations:
single ecodesign lighting regulation, intended to substitute the existing ecodesign lighting regulations CR 244/2009, CR 245/2009 and CR 1194/2012.
focuses on light sources, control gears, and their combinations, including when integrated in other products.

23. 2. EN Standards for lighting systems Standard EN 15193-1:2017
Standard EN :2017 Energy performance of buildings. Energy requirements for lighting. The standard EN , originally released in 2007, is part of a set of standards which were developed to support the implementation of EPBD directives. In the standard, the LENI (Lighting Energy Numeric Indicator) was introduced as a metric to quantify the energy performance for lighting in a building. [kWh/m2.year]

24. 2. EN Standards for lighting systems Standard EN 15193-1:2017
The method to calculate the LENI considers, with different levels of detail, the main factors affecting the buildings’ energy consumption for electric lighting:
the power of the lighting systems, including standbypower of control systems and the power for recharging the emergency lamps;
the type of control system (manual or automatically controlled according to daylight availability or spaces’ occupancy);
the daylight penetration into the indoor spaces through both vertical glazing and roof lighting systems; the building usage and the corresponding lighting requirements;
the occupancy profile (occupancy time and probability).

25. 2. EN Standards for lighting systems Standard EN 15193-1:2017
The 3 methodologies presented for the energy calculations are applicable to the three different design steps:
pre-assessment
design assessment
ex-post evaluation

26. 2. EN Standards for lighting systems Standard EN 15193-1:2017
Methodologies for the calculation of energy need for lighting

27. 2. EN Standards for lighting systems Standard EN 15193-1:2017
The three calculation procedures defined in the standard give as output the electric energy required for lighting and can provide the Lighting Energy Numeric Indicator (LENI) – in different time steps and for each single room, zone or building considered. The LENI indicator may be used for comparing buildings/zones/rooms or could serve as a measure of the energy performance of the lighting systems installed or being designed. The results will also provide input for the heating and cooling load estimations for the combined total energy performance of building indicator, thanks to the time steps and room/zone subdivision.

28. 2. EN Standards for lighting systems Standard EN 15193-1:2017
The standard Technical Report EN :2017, presents LENI benchmark values for spaces and lighting installations depending on space type, such as:
Circulation area
Personal office
Open floor office
Conference

29. 2. EN Standards for lighting systems Standard EN 12464-1 :2011
Standard for light planning in workplaces specifying minimum required illuminance levels for the task area and its surroundings:
lighting requirements for work surfaces, computer monitors and the immediate surroundings
also sets requirements in terms of lighting of ceilings and walls.
Illuminance in the surrounding areas must be no less than a third of the illuminance in the immediate vicinity of the task area. This improves the luminance ratio in the space, increasing visual comfort and performance. The illuminance uniformity value must be no less than 0.4 in the immediate vicinity and no less than 0.1 in the background.