1. OviD Databases Edit csajbok csajbok.edit@semmelweis-univ.hu
SE KK, Budapest,

2. Table of content Ovid databases and search Other EBM databases Medline
PscyINFO
Search
Keyword vs subject heading
Search types
Boolean operators
Other EBM databases

3. Ovid Technologies… Wolters Kluwers’s subsidiary Websites:
„We are a global company that provides information, software, and services. Our customers are legal, business, tax, accounting, finance, audit, risk, compliance, and healthcare professionals.”
Websites:

4. Sources Databases E-journals Online books: 1101 book Medline
Cochrane Library/EBM Reviews
ACP Journal Club (ACP)
Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CCTR)
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (COCH)
Cochrane Methodology Register Database (CMR)
Cochrane Clinical Answers Database (CCA)
Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects (DARE)
Health Technology Assessment Database (HTA)
National Health Service Economic Evaluation Database (NHSEED)
EBM Reviews Full Text - Cochrane DSR, ACP Journal Club, and DARE
All EBM Reviews - Cochrane DSR, ACP Journal Club, DARE, CCTR, CMR, HTA, and NHSEED
PsycInfo
Biological Abstracts
E-journals
My subscription/:Your 301 journal – full text
All Ovid Full Text : 3260 journal – TOC
Online books: 1101 book

5. Medline’ versions PubMed – free access
Ovid Medline – subscription, value-added services
ProQuest Medline – subscription, value-added services
EBSCO Medline – subscription, value-added services …

6. OvidMedline vs PubMed Why we use OvidMedline?
OvidMedline provides all PubMed records
OvidMedline has more user-friedly website
OvidMedline has more searh options
OvidMedline has more transparent display of subject heading system
OvidMedline gives us more freedom to search
Fulltext service by OvidLinksolver is better
In OvidMedline we can search with keyword in different databases at the same time

7. EBM – evidence based medicine
The practice of evidence based medicine means integrating individual clinical expertise with the best available external clinical evidence from systematic research”
„Evidence based medicine is the conscientious, explicit, and judicious use of current best evidence in making decisions about the care of individual patients.”
„Evidence based medicine is not “cookbook” medicine. Because it requires a bottom up approach that integrates the best external evidence with individual clinical expertise and patients' choice, it cannot result in slavish, cookbook approaches to individual patient care. „
Good decisions require good information!

8. The hierarchical structure of document types
Records of EBM databases
The systematic summary of randomized control trials (RCTs)
The short critical summary of various studies’ facts
The short critical summary of a study’s facts
Time spent

9. EBM ORGANIZATIONS
U.S. Preventive Services Task Force
Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN)
Cochrane
Cochrane Hungary

10. Cochrane http://www.cochrane.org/
The Cochrane Collaboration, established in 1993, is an international network of people helping healthcare providers, policy makers, patients, their advocates and carers, make well-informed decisions about human health care by preparing, updating and promoting the accessibility of Cochrane Reviews – over 4,500 so far, published online in The Cochrane Library.
Publication of Archie Cochrane's 'Effectiveness and Efficiency: random reflections on health services' , which drew attention to our collective ignorance about the effects of health care
'The Cochrane Centre' opens in Oxford, UK 1992
Cochrane Hungary -

11. Ovid EBM collection – Cochrane Library
Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Cochrane Clinical Answers Database
Cochrane Methodology Register
Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects
Health Technology Assessment
National Health Service Economic Evaluation
+ ACP Journal Club

12. Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CCTR)
CCTR (formerly Cochrane Controlled Trials Register) is a bibliographic database of definitive controlled trials.
CCTR contains over 300,000 bibliographic references to controlled trials in health care together with references to clinical trials identified by contributors to the Cochrane Collaboration in MEDLINE and EMBASE. Contributors follow quality control standards to ensure that only reports of definite randomized controlled trials or controlled clinical trials are included.

13. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (COCH)
COCH includes the full text of the regularly updated systematic reviews of the effects of healthcare prepared by The Cochrane Collaboration.
The reviews are presented in two types:
Cochrane Methodology Reviews are full-text systematic reviews of methodological studies. The reviews are both highly structured and systematic. Evidence from methodological research is included or excluded on the basis of explicit quality criteria, thus minimizing bias. Each review covers a specific and well-defined area of methodology.
Protocols provide place-markers for reviews, which are currently being written. They summarize the background and the rationale of the review.

14. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (COCH)

15. Cochrane Clinical Answers Database (CCA)
Cochrane Clinical Answers (CCA) are readable, digestible, clinically focus entry points to rigorous research from Cochrane systematic reviews.
Each Cochrane Clinical Answer contains a clinical question, a short answer, and an opportunity to ‘drill down’ to the evidence from relevant Cochrane reviews.

16. Cochrane Methodology Register (CMR)
The Cochrane Methodology Register is a database of studies relevant to the methods of systematic reviews of healthcare and social interventions.
The database includes journal articles, book chapters, conference proceedings, conference abstracts and reports of ongoing methodological research. Relevant records are identified primarily through a program of hand searching undertaken by the UK Cochrane Centre.
The register aims to include all published reports of empirical methodological studies that could be relevant for inclusion in a Cochrane methodology review, along with comparative and descriptive studies relevant to the conduct of systematic reviews of healthcare interventions.
The Cochrane Methodology Register contains over 9,000 bibliographic references to controlled trials in health care.

17. Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects (DARE)
DARE is produced by the expert and information staff of the National Health Services' Centre for Reviews and Dissemination (NHS CRD) at the University of York, England.
DARE is a full text database containing critical assessments of systematic reviews from a variety of medical journals.
DARE contains structured abstracts of systematic reviews from around the world. Its records cover topics such as diagnosis, prevention, rehabilitation, screening, and treatment.

18. Health Technology Assessment (HTA)
Produced by the Centre for Reviews and Dissemination (CRD), the Health Technology Assessment database brings together details on ongoing health technology assessments (studies of the medical, social, ethical, and economic implications of healthcare interventions).
Many different types of research are included in the HTA database, including systematic reviews and ongoing and completed research based on trials, questionnaires and economic evaluations.

19. National Health Service (NHS) Economic Evaluation Database (NHSEED)
The National Health Service (NHS) Economic Evaluation Database is funded by the Department of Health's NHS Research and Development Programme, and produced by the Centre for Reviews and Dissemination (CRD), and provides cost-benefit analyses about healthcare interventions.
The NHS Economic Evaluation Database contains over 6000 abstracts of quality assessed economic evaluations. The database aims to assist decision-makers by systematically identifying and describing economic evaluations, appraising their quality and highlighting their relative strengths and weaknesses.

20. ACP Journal Club (ACP) - http://www.acpjc.org/
ACP Journal Club (ACP) consists of two journals, ACP Journal Club, a publication of the American College of Physicians, and Evidence-Based Medicine, a joint publication of the American College of Physicians and the British Medical Journal Group.
ACP Journal Club includes studies which ACP's editors have selected as methodologically sound and clinically relevant. The editors screen the top clinical journals for articles, and write enhanced abstracts and commentary on the study's value, helping clinicians to quickly understand and apply to their practice important changes in medical knowledge, without having to read and synthesize thousands of journal articles.

21. Useful links of EBm CASP – checklist http://www.casp-uk.net Oktatás
Guidelines International Network:

22. PsycInfo
The database includes material of relevance to psychologists and professionals in related fields such as psychiatry, management, business, education, social science, neuroscience, law, medicine, and social work. Updated weekly, PsycINFO® provides access to journal articles, books, chapters, and dissertations.

23. PsycINFO Journals Books Dissertations
More than 2450 titles
The 80 % of the database
Books
The 8 % of the database
Dissertations
A selection from Dissertations Abstracts International (A and B) databases
The 12 % of the database
4,1 million records, weekly updated
Source:

24. Theory of Literary Research
Keyword and Subject Headings
Boolean Operators
Searches
Keyword Search
Subject Heading Search
Basic Search

25. Keywords vs. Subject headings
Keyword: search term, keyword can be any part of a text. However, it is part of the text, it doesn’t describe the topic of the text.
Subject heading: Subject heading is a word or phrase from a controlled vocabulary which is used to describe the subject of a document or a class of documents. Subject headings may be represented in individual bibliographical records or they may just exists in classification systems or as separators in card catalogues.
Forrás:

26. Keywords vs. Subject headings
What's the difference?
Here are some key differences between keyword searching and subject searching
Keyword
Subject
Natural language words describing your topic. A good way to start your search.
Pre-defined "controlled vocabulary" words assigned to describe the content of each item in a database or catalog.
More flexible for searching. You can combine terms in any number of ways.
Less flexible. You must know the exact controlled vocabulary term or phrase.
Database looks for keywords anywhere in the record (title, author name, subject headings, etc.).
Database looks for subjects only in the subject heading or descriptor field, where the most relevant words appear.
Often yields too many or too few results.
If a subject heading search yields too many results, you can often select subheadings to focus on one aspect of the broader subject.
Often yields many irrelevant results.
Results are usually very relevant to the topic.

27. Medical Subject Heading (MeSH)
Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) is a comprehensive controlled vocabulary for the purpose of indexing journal articles and books in the life sciences; it can also serve as a thesaurus that facilitates searching. Created and updated by the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM), it is used by the MEDLINE/PubMed article database and by NLM's catalog of book holdings.
Originally in English, MeSH has been translated into numerous other languages and allows retrieval of documents from different languages.
The subject headings are arranged in a hierarchy.

28. MeSH Subject Heading System

29. PsycINFO Subject Heading System

30. Searching methods Simultaneously searching:
To search from a single resource
To search from multiple resources simultaneously
Searching’ types:
Basic Search
Find Citation
Search Tools
Search Fields
Advanced Search (Boolean operators)
Multi-Field Search
Searching from multiple resources simultaneously we can’t search for subject headings!

31. Basic Search the natural language search
Simply enter a search term or ask a question in ordinary, everyday English terms
Ovid filters the terms of your query, eliminating irrelevant noise words and tightening word choices into validated search terms and phrases.
Ovid utilizes a proprietary medical lexicon to expand validated terms
Some useful practices:
Don’t use unnecessary adjectives.
Don’t use question mark, hyphen, bracket ...
Don’t use Boolean operators for combining records
Expect approximately relevancy-ranked results !

32. Advanced Search
We can search for keyword, author, title or journal in a traditional way.
Using Boolean operators we can specify our searching.
For receiving more relevant results use your query as Subject Heading. It is only available when you choose only one database.

33. Basic Search vs. Advanced Search
Natural language search
Ranked results
Included related terms
Not full list of results
Boolean Operators cannot be used
Open Access results
Advanced Search
Keyword or Subject Heading searh
Results are not ranked
Full list of results
Boolean Operators are recommended to use

34. Find Citation
Ovid's „Find Citation” tab lets you submit fielded data to retrieve specific journal article citations.

35. Search Fields
Apply fields to a search statement (or field a search) and restrict Ovid's search to only the text of the fields indicated.

36. Multi-Field Search
Additional search fields can be typed on text boxes, along with drop-down lists that specify the field to search for each text box, and drop-down lists specifying whether to AND or OR or NOT the text boxes together.

37. Boolean Operators AND OR NOT Adjacency (ADJ) Defined Adjacency (ADJn)
Frequency (FREQ)
Unlimited Truncation ($)
Limited Truncation ($n)
Mandated Wildcard (#)
Optional Wildcard (?)
Literal String („ „)

38. AND Syntax: a and y Search example: blood pressure and stroke
Sample result: „Treatment of high blood pressure in acute stroke.”
The AND operator retrieves only those records that include all of the search terms. For example, the search blood pressure and stroke retrieves results that contain the term blood pressure and the term stroke together in the same record.

39. OR
Syntax: a or y
Search examples: heart attack or myocardial infarction
Sample result: „Treatment of high blood pressure in acute stroke.”
The OR operator retrieves records that contain any or all of the search terms. For example, the search heart attack or myocardial infarction retrieves results that contain the terms heart attack, myocardial infarction or both terms.

40. NOT
Syntax: a not y
Search example: health reform not health maintenance organizations
Sample search: „the rhetoric and reality of health reform in New Zealand”
The NOT operator retrieves records that contain the first search term and excludes the second search term. For example, the search health reform not health maintenance organizations retrieves only those records that contain the term health reform but excludes the term health maintenance organizations.

41. Defined Adjacency (ADJn)
Syntax : x adjn y
Search examples : physician adj5 relationship
Sample result: „Changes in physician-patient relationship”
The search physician adj5 relationship retrieves records that contain the words physician and relationship within five words of each other in either direction.

42. Frequency (FREQ) Syntax : x .ab./ freq=n
Search examples : blood.ab./freq=5
Sample result : „Is the accuracy of blood pressure measuring devices underestimated at increasing blood pressure levels?...
Records containing your search term are retrieved only if the term occurs at least the specified (n) number of times.

43. Unlimited Truncation ($)
Syntax : x$
Search examples : disease$
Sample result : „identify genes responsible for diseases and traits”
In the truncated search disease$, Ovid retrieves the word disease as well as the words diseases, diseased, and more

44. Limited Truncation ($n)
Szintax: x$n
Search examples : dog$1
Sample result : „renal function in healthy dogs”
The truncated search dog$1 retrieves results with the words dog and dogs; but it does not retrieve results with the word dogma.

45. Mandated Wildcard (#) Szintax: xx#y Search examples : wom#n
Sample result : „serum homocysteine levels in postmenopausal women”
The search dog# retrieves results that contain the word dogs, but not those that contain the word dog, effectively limiting results to only those that contain the plural form of the word.

46. Optional Wildcard (?) Szintax: xx?y Search examples : colo?r
Sample result : „Hair changes. Age has effect on color thickness.”
The optional wild card search colo?r retrieves results that contain the words color or colour. You can use multiple wild cards in a single query word

47. Literal String („ „) Szintax: ”x/y” Search examples : ”go/no-go”
Sample result : „Single trial-based prediction of a go/no-go decision in monkey superior colliculus.”

48. Literary research in the practice
What is the impact of the World Wide Web and the internet generally on the perception and treatment of eating disorders?
Database Selection : general medical database: OvidMedline
Search type selection: I don’t know the topic well: Basic Search-el
A kép forrása:

49. Search by natural language
What is the impact of the World Wide Web and the internet generally on the perception and treatment of eating disorders?
Keywords: eating disorders, world wide web, internet
eating disorders, world wide web, internet

50. Basic Search - Search for our keywords

51. Basic Search - How the algorithm works
The function of the algorithm
The relevant expressions in my query is selected
Adds related terms to the search
Runs the search on the selected database
Examines each single record and ranks them
The most relevant parts of the result list is displayed – cc. 10 thousands records can be expected
Don’t use Boolean operators for combining results/queries!

52. Basic Search – Limit the results list
More options for limitation, please click on the

53. Basic Search – Result list
My keywords are highlighted with yellow colour
The added terms are highlighted with red colour
Complete Reference: more information about the record
MeSH subject heading
DOI number
Corresponding author’s address
Link to Open Access result list - Available only at Basic Search!

54. Search in MEDLINE - Subject Heading Search
What is the impact of the World Wide Web and the internet generally on the perception and treatment of eating disorders?
Keywords: eating disorders, world wide web, internet
eating disorders, world wide web, internet

55. Subject Heading search for the more relevant results!
Search for subject headings can be used if we select only one database
Articles are indexed by the most specific subject headings (e.g. there is an article about Diabetes Mellitus Type 2, the article’s subject heading is „Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2” not „Diabetes Mellitus”
Generally an article is indexed by 2-3 or more main subject headings and more general subject headings.

56. Subject Heading search
SETTINGS:
Search type: Advanced Search
Search field: Keyword
Searchbox: eating disorders
The keywords have to be searched separately
Map Term to Subject Heading:
Select the most suitable subject heading from the list.
Explode: for broader results
Focus: for topic-specific results [*]
Continue

57. Subject Heading Search

58. Subject Heading Search
Search for subject heading separately
The „internet” as a subject heading was given also for „world wide web”
keyword
The relationships among our subject heading were determined by
Boolean operators

59. Subject Heading search – Limit our results
The results can be limited for publication date or more options can be found clicking by

60. Subject Heading Search – Result list

61. Keyword Search BEÁLLÍTÁSAINK: Keresési típus: Advanced Search
Keresési mező: Keyword
Keresődoboz: eating disorders
A keresett kifejezéseinket külön - külön keressük le
Map Term to Subject Heading: nem klikkeljük be!!!

62. Create a „My Account‘

63. E-Journals

65. Online books

66. Store the information!
Save
Print
Jumpstart

68. In this case
we get only the link!

69. List of Results

70. You can export results to EndNote from Ovid too.
REMINDER
You can export results to EndNote from Ovid too.

71. More information
Ovid website:
Tutorials:
(very useful)

72. TRIP (Turning Research Into Practice) Database

73. Trip database
Trip (Turning Research Into Practice) is a clinical search engine designed to allow users to quickly and easily find and use high-quality research evidence to support their practice and/or care. Primary indexing sources of evidence based medicine, as case studies, evidence-based synopsis, guidelines, key-primary research, clinical Q&A, evidence based reviews, clinical questions and answers.
It is a non-full text database. Only those content can be accessed with full text through it that is Open Access or to which the institution is subscribed.
Guides & Tutorials:

76. Thank you for your attention