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10.2 The Process of Cell Division
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Q: What is the role of chromosomes in cell division?
A: Chromosomes make it possible to separate DNA precisely during cell division.
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Chromosomes-contains the genetic information (DNA)
In prokaryotes: not in nucleus Circular (plasmid) In Eukaryotes: several chromosomes Often X shaped
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Chromatin-DNA coiled around histone
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The Cell Cycle-growth, prepares for division & divides to form 2 daughter cells
Prokaryotes DNA duplicates Membrane indents Cell forms 2 identical
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Eukaryotes-2 parts: Interphase & Cell Division
G1-Cell growth S-DNA replication G2-Prepare for mitosis Largest amount of cell life in this part (Interphase).
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M Phase or Mitosis & Cytokinesis
PMAT=Mitosis Prophase- genetic material condenses (X), chromosome visible, spindle forms. Centromere-center of chromosome Centriole-animals; helps cell divide.
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2. Metaphase- chromosomes (X) line up in the middle of the cell
2. Metaphase- chromosomes (X) line up in the middle of the cell. Centrioles opposite ends.
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3. Anaphase-chromosomes separate at the centromere & move to opposite ends.
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4. Telophase- Nuclear envelope re-forms around chromosomes.
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Cytokinesis- Division of the cytoplasm. Cell plate forms in plants.
Plant Cells Animal Cells
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WB Pgs Skip 11, 12, 20
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