1. Embedded and Real-Time Systems
List of important (often related) research challenges.
Certification of autonomous systems.
Hardware and software predictability.
Energy efficiency in energy-critical systems.
Security of mission-critical components.
Composable models of software and hardware abstractions.
Programming models for approximations and resource management.
General purpose sensing for flexibility and efficiency.
Robustness and reliability, dealing with uncertainty.

2. Embedded and Real-Time Systems
High-lighted: Inhibitors of proposed research for certification of autonomous systems (autonomous cars, aviation):
Limited interactions with industry
Closed systems (hardware and software)
No access to benchmarks
”Cultural challenges”: no mutual appreciation of hardware/software issues
Actions to alleviate the situation
More collaboration between NSF and industry (e.g.: car manufacturers)
Research community invests in building common reference infrastructure for autonomous cars (software and hardware), and benchmarks