1. Trilogy – Chemistry – CHAPTER 2 – Structure, bonding and properties
Ionic bonding
Occurs between ________ and ____ _______
Metals __________ electrons to form ____________ ions. Non-metals __________ electrons to form __________________ ions.
An ionic bond is the ____________ attraction between ____________ and _________ ions.
Draw an electron transfer diagram for Na2O
Covalent bonding
Occurs between ___________ and _________.
A covalent bond is the __________ of a ______ of electrons.
A single covalent bond is the share of ____ pair.
A double covalent bond is the share of ___ pairs.
A triple covalent bond is the share of ____ pairs.
Draw a diagram to show the bonding in water (H2O)
Metallic bonding
Occurs between metals. The atoms are __________ packed and held together in a moving sea of ___________ __________.
Draw a diagram to show metallic bonding.
Giant ionic
Giant covalent
Simple covalent
Metallic
Eg NaCl, ________, ________
Eg diamond and ___________
Eg H2O, _________, _________
Eg Iron
Properties
Prperties
KEY WORDS:
Ionic
Covalent
Metallic
Electrons
Electrostatic
Lattice
Delocalised electrons
ASSESSMENT:
Changes of state:
Melting –
Freezing –
Evaporating –
Condensing –
Subliming - 1

2. Trilogy – Chemistry – CHAPTER 2 – Structure, bonding and properties
Ionic bonding
Occurs between metals and non metals
Metals lose electrons to form positive ions. Non-metals gain electrons to form negative ions.
An ionic bond is the electrostatic attraction between positive and negative ions.
Draw an electron transfer diagram for Na2O
Covalent bonding
Occurs between non-metal and non-metal.
A covalent bond is the sharing of a pair of electrons.
A single covalent bond is the share of 1 pair.
A double covalent bond is the share of 2 pairs.
A triple covalent bond is the share of 3 pairs.
Draw a diagram to show the bonding in water (H2O)
Metallic bonding
Occurs between metals. The atoms are tightly packed and held together in a moving sea of delocalised electrons.
Draw a diagram to show metallic bonding.
Giant ionic
Giant covalent
Simple covalent
Metallic
Eg NaCl, MgO, Li2O (any examples)
Eg diamond and graphite
Eg H2O, NH3, CO2
Eg Iron
Properties
High melting and boiling points
Conduct when molten or in solution
String electrostatic forces of attraction
Very high melting and boiling points
Diamond = cannot conduct due to 4 covalent bonds
Graphite = can conduct due to delocalised electrons that can move
Low melting and boiling points due to weak intermolecular forces
Cannot conduct as no free electrons to move
Conduct due to sea of delocalised electrons
Regular, giant lattice structure
KEY WORDS:
Ionic
Covalent
Metallic
Electrons
Electrostatic
Lattice
Delocalised electrons
ASSESSMENT:
Changes of state:
Melting – from solid to liquid; increase in temperature
Freezing – from liquid to solid; decrease in temperature
Evaporating – from liquid to gas; increase in temperature
Condensing – from gas to liquid; decrease in temperature
Subliming – from solid to gas or gas to solid. 2