1. internet fundamentals
Unit 10
2 days including projects. Combined with unit 11 for test.

2. Objectives
Define communication networks and identify the differences between public and private networks
Describe the function of an IP address
Understand DNS, domain types and parts of a URL
Compare and contrast web browsers
Use bookmarks/favorites, handle pop-ups, cookies and browser cache
Describe web site/web page standards

3. Internet and WWW Internet World Wide Web
The connected network of hardware/devices
World Wide Web
The collection of interconnected documents & resources

4. The Internet Global network of connected, smaller networks
You connect to it through an ISP
World Wide Web & are most popular uses
No one owns the Internet.

5. Internet Backbone Redundant, high-speed networks
Owned by major communication companies (Tier 1)
They connect through IXP w/ high-speed optical fiber
Routers, switches, servers exchange packets of data
Routers connect different networks to each other
Routers determine the best path
IXP- Internet Exchange Point

6. Communicating Protocols Packet Switching
Set of rules for communication
TCP/IP
Packet Switching
Data is split into smaller segments/packets in NIC
Reassembled by destination NIC

7. Public vs. Private Networks
Public Networks
The Internet (not owned or controlled by anyone)
You are vulnerable to unwanted activity
“Open” or “untrusted” network
Private Networks
Controlled by someone
“Trusted” network
Home, school, work

8. Network Types- Intranet
Web based for internal company use
Handbooks, manuals, employment forms, work news, etc
Only can access from within that company
Through web browser

9. Network Types- Extranet
Similar to Intranet
Outside users with user name & password can have access to internal info

10. Set Connection Type Windows asks what type you’re connecting to
Private- means you can discover other devices & share
Public- means you can’t discover or share (MOST SECURE)
When you connect to public hotspots, choose PUBLIC so your computer is kept secure from hackers.
Have students open Network & Sharing Center to see if our connection is Public or Private.

11. Finding computers on the internet

12. Addressing
Network devices need an IP Address & MAC Address to communicate (TCP/IP)
IP: (assigned logically)
MAC: 0A-B5-74-C3-1E-FF (physically on NIC)
DNS
Translates web site names to IP addresses
Go into cmd prompt: ipconfig & ping for DNS example
If the DNS server is down, you can only get to a website by its IP address.

13. URL & Top-Level Domain Types
Protocol
Domain
Type/
Extension
Folder
File Name
Extension
Type
.com
Commercia/companyl; Any site; Most popular
.edu
Education; Schools & Universities
.gov
Government; US Gov.
.mil
Military; US Armed Forces
.net
Network; Widely used for anyone
.org
Organization; Non-profits or anyone
URL: Uniform Resource Locator
Beginning of a URL will be http. https or ftp
Country code top-level domains: England .uk; Canada .ca; Japan .jp
A 2nd level domain is the registered name.
A 2nd level domain can be divided into subdomains. Support.xbox.com (.com- top-level, .xbox- 2nd level, support- subdomain)

14. URL Shortening
Makes a long website link short
Bit.ly, Twitter

15. Secure Sites- HTTPS & SSL/TLS
Password DOES NOT mean secure
Secure Socket Layer (SSL) & TLS
Encrypts the data (credit card #’s, etc.)
URL will begin with
Log Off after leaving site
Why?

16. Secure Sites Look for https Look for padlock & click it
Click to view the certificate
Just because it has username & password, doesn’t mean it’s secure.

17. A Web Page HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)
Language used to create web pages
View…source

18. Upload/Download/Stream
Upload- from you to a server
Download- server to you
Have to get it before you view it
Stream- delivered in a constant & steady stream
Can’t save

19. Review- 3Q What is the language of a web page?
HTML
Every website name is actually a number. What is the number called?
IP address
What translates the website name to IP address, which is what computers & routers understand?
DNS

20. Meet the browser

21. IE 11
Navigation Buttons (Back & Forward): Right-click to see previous pages
Address Bar: Is a search bar too.
Tabs: CTRL + T is a shortcut to open a new tab
Toolbar Menu: Menu Bar, Status Bar, Command Bar (Home button, Print button, etc)
Home Button
Favorites: Favorites, Feeds, History
Tools
Know the refresh button too. What’s the keyboard shortcut to refresh the page?
IE 11 you can open up to 100 tabs in one session.
****What is InPrivate Browsing (IE) or Private Browsing/Incognito? Surf without your activity saved (history, cookies, form data)

22. Popular Browsers
Edge, IE, Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome, Opera, Apple Safari

23. Set Home Page
Set a specific home page
Set to a blank home page

24. Managing Browser History
Favorites
Options:
By site
By date
By most visited
Search
Default History for 20 days
You can change/delete any time

25. Managing Favorites On page, click Add to Favorites Organize them!
Select where to put it
Organize them!
Know how to:
Add a favorite
Create a folder
Move favs into folders
Move folders/organize
Ctrl+D adds to favorites
Note you can import/export favorites.

26. Pop-Up Ads Pop-Up Ads Pop-under Turn pop-up blocker on
Appear in separate window
Annoying; generally not dangerous
Pop-under
Turn pop-up blocker on

27. Cookies Many sites require cookies Contains customer id info
Small text file
Stored on your HD
Contains customer id info
Personalizes your web visit
When you visit the site, the ID# in cookie is sent to web site to look up history of your past visits
Profiles are formed from your activities

28. Cookie Example- Good Cookie

29. Cookie Example- Third Party Cookie
Hosting the banner on servers and using third-party cookies, an advertising company is able to track the browsing of users across these two sites.
Means other people (other sites) are tracking your browsing history.
As an example, suppose a user visits This web site contains an advertisement from ad.foxytracking.com, which, when downloaded, sets a cookie belonging to the advertisements's domain (ad.foxytracking.com). Then, the user visits another website, which also contains an advertisement from ad.foxytracking.com/, and which also sets a cookie belonging to that domain (ad.foxytracking.com). Eventually, both of these cookies will be sent to the advertiser when loading their advertisements or visiting their website. The advertiser can then use these cookies to build up a browsing history of the user across all the websites that have ads from this advertiser.

30. Cookie Example
Play Video

31. Cookie Options in Browser
Tools, Internet Options, Privacy Tab
Delete: Tools, Internet Options, Browsing History, Delete

32. Review- 4Q Where are cookies stored? Why are 3rd party cookies bad?
On your HD
Why are 3rd party cookies bad?
The ads follow you
What is contained in cookies?
Customer ID #
Where can you delete cookies in IE?
Tools, Internet Options, Browsing History

33. Plug-Ins/ Add-Ons Plug-In (Add-on)
Add-on for a program that adds functionality
Allow you to watch movies, listen to music, open & read documents, play games, toolbars, etc.
Adobe Reader, Java, Flash Player, QuickTime
If you can’t play a video, check to see if the plug-in is installed and enabled.
Tools, Options, Manage add-ons

34. Activity
Teknimedia
C1.1- C1.27

35. internet fundamentals
Unit 10
2 days including projects. Combined with unit 11 for test.