1. 2. 10 Working arrangements

2. 2.10 Working arrangements What are working arrangements? The specific terms of employment: working hours, days, start and end times place of work whether the job is temporary or permanent holiday entitlement, holiday pay, sick pay other conditions which relate to the job.

3. 2.10 Working arrangements The contract of employment It must be in writing. It sets out the main terms and conditions of employment. It is signed by both parties. Any amendments must be agreed by both parties. This is a legal document which binds the employer and the employee.

4. 2.10 Working arrangements Key items in a contract Name of employer/employee Job title, salary and benefits Date of commencement Hours of work Place of work Terms and conditions of employment Reference to relevant additional information (eg union agreements, pension, sick pay, notice, grievance and disciplinary procedures)

5. 2.10 Working arrangements Types of working arrangements 1 Different types of jobs: Permanent, full-time jobs (work standard operating hours) Permanent, part-time jobs (work less than standard operating hours) Temporary work (work for fixed period) Casual work (work as and when required)

6. 2.10 Working arrangements Types of working arrangements 2 Different hours of work: Shift work Flexitime Paid overtime Legal right to leave from work Discretionary leave from work

7. 2.10 Working arrangements Types of working arrangements 3 Different places of work: Fixed place of work, eg office, retail outlet, factory, etc Tele-working (involves IT) Mobile working Home-based working (does not involve IT)

8. 2.10 Working arrangements Types of working arrangements 4 Different pay and benefits: Frequency of pay, frequency of pay awards Number of holidays Sick leave entitlement Other benefits

9. 2.10 Working arrangements The need for flexibility To introduce team-working or multi-skilling To be more competitive (eg open longer hours) To improve quality (of goods or service) To introduce new technology To increase productivity (work rate per employee) Working arrangements may need changing:

10. 2.10 Working arrangements Example Has affected: Hours worked by employees Type of work carried out Number and type of staff employed (eg permanent/temporary/full-time and part-time) Who works Sundays (legal right to refuse) Many supermarkets open 24/7. Use bar coding – no need to put prices on goods. Are busiest near Xmas. But must act within the law.

11. 2.10 Working arrangements Summary Working arrangements often vary for different types of employees. This suits employers who want flexibility to meet customer needs. This suits employees with different personal needs/family commitments. Negotiating change can be difficult but often essential for business survival.