1. Warm up What is a historical time period? Why do historians use them?
specific political, economic, geographic and social characteristics
Why do historians use them?
It helps historians classify and make generalizations
How do historians determine them?
Some time periods start with one major event, like World War I.
Most time periods, however, do not start or stop because of one major event but instead several events are happening out over an extended period time to bring about changes.
Once these changes result in new political, economic, geographic and social patterns, a new time period is created.

2. Warm up
People also divide their lives into different time periods or phases
Infancy, toddlerhood, childhood, teenage years, young adulthood, adulthood, middle age, old age
A birthday can mark the change from one phase of life to the next, yet many underlying changes are also taking place.

3. Warm up pg. 48
Name one time period from history and what event (or series of events) brought their beginning or end?
What events brought your childhood to an end?

4. Medieval Europe Ends
LG 4: Explain how the Crusades, the Black Death, the Hundred Years’ War, and the Great Schism contributed to the end of Medieval Europe and describe how new political ideas emerged in Europe at the end of the Middle Ages.

5. Decline of Feudalism
In the late middle ages you see a decline in Feudalism and a rise in democratic thought. This rise will eventually lead to the Renaissance, but first we must talk about the decline.
Four possible causes

6. How did the Crusades, Black Death, 100 Years’ War, and Great Schism lead to the decline of Feudalism and rise of democratic thought?

7. Cause 1: The Crusades 1096 – “Holy Wars”
Pope Urban II called on Christian knights to take back the Holy Land (Jerusalem) from Muslims (controlled since 1071)
Also…..
Bring prestige to the Church, wealth, population control, and TRADE
Territories won by the crusades fell back under Muslim control

8. How did that lead to the decline of feudalism?
When the Europeans go to the Middle East or the Crusades the return with perfumes, spices, jewels, silk, dyes and other luxury goods.
This is going to encourage the Europeans to begin trading.
Trading leads to the growth of banking and business.
This will lead to a wealthy middle class that will gain power as well as the growth of towns.

10. Cause 2: The Black Death Originated in Asia – 1300s
Spread via trade routes by fleas!
Fever, vomiting, boils, internal bleeding, etc.

11. How did that lead to the decline of feudalism?
The black death will bring the death of about 1/3 of the population of Europe.
When Europe recovered from the effects this had on the economy, the rebuilt it differently
Because so many workers had died due to the black death, the ones who were left had more power
They were able to demand more money
and rights
This caused the feudal lords to
lose power and the manorial
system to become weak.

12. Cause 3: The Hundred Years’ War
1337 – 1453 & England vs. France
Fought over land
English kings once had feudal manors on French lands
French kings started to dispute the claims
French King Philip VI claimed lands and England’s King Edward III declared war!
England ahead (developed
longbow), but France slowly
crept back and won
Joan of Arc

13. How did that lead to the decline of feudalism?
The Hundred Years War allows French and English Kings to consolidate their power.
The invention of the longbow will also reduce the impact of mounted cavalry (Knights)
Nationalism develops as people begin to have loyalty to their king rather than their feudal lord.
Shift of power from the
feudal lords to the
Monarchs and the
common people.

14. Cause 4: The Great Schism
1378: Italian is elected pope – Pope Urban VI
The French cardinals didn’t like this and elected another person – Clement VII – as pope
People couldn’t decide who was the true pope and this lasted 40 years!

15. How did that lead to the decline of feudalism?
The Great Schism will hurt the political power of the most important and stabilizing institution in Medieval Europe…. The CHURCH.
As the church loses power, governments and kings gained more power

17. When you finish your notebook test…
Complete the decline of feudalism thought bubbles
When you finish the thought bubble I need to check you off (this is a grade)
Then you will glue that in on page 49