1. Friction Testing - Finite Element Modeling

2. Comparing Two Real Life Friction Tests to Finite Element Models Inclined Plane Test and Dragging Friction Test Determine Theoretical Values for Three Friction Cases Steel on Steel (coefficient =.80) Delrin on Steel (coefficient =.27) Delrin on Delrin (coefficient =.38) Compare Finite Element Model Results to Theoretical Results for 3 Mesh Densities

3. Inclined Plane Test Nonlinear 2D Quasi-Static Abaqus Explicit Analysis 2D Block on Flat Plate Rotate Plate with Constant Angular Velocity, Measure When Block Starts Moving Delrin on Delrin ScenarioTimeAngleFriction Value% Error Theoreticaln/a0.3630.38 0.00% Coarse Mesh1.475020.3687550.386431557 1.69% Normal Mesh1.474860.3687150.386385585 1.68% Fine Mesh1.474120.368530.386172981.62%

4. Dragging Friction Test Nonlinear 2D Quasi-Static Abaqus Standard Analysis 2D Block on Flat Plate Slide Plate with Constant Velocity, Measure Reaction Force Delrin on Delrin ScenarioBlock MassReaction ForceFriction Value% Error Theoretical 0.01331.9490.380 0.00% Coarse Mesh 0.01331.949430.380 0.02% Normal Mesh 0.01331.949430.380 0.02% Fine Mesh 0.01331.949430.380 0.02%

5. Conclusions Inclined Plane TestDragging Friction Test Reasonably accurate Some noisy data due to explicit solver Slight increase in accuracy with change in mesh size Higher coefficients of friction produced overall better resultsc Extremely accurate Easy to interpret data due to standard solver Answer independent of mesh density Difference between theoretical values and found answers likely due to round-off errors Two friction test studies were performed and Abaqus was able to correlate reasonably well to real life friction tests regardless of solver.